Association between HLA-B alleles and nevirapine-induced allergies among Indonesian HIV patients

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between human leukocyte antigen-B
(HLA-B) alleles and nevirapine allergy in HIV patients in Indonesia. A case control study
was conducted involving 147 HIV patients comprising of 50 patients with and 97
patients without nevirapine allergy as control. The HLA-B allele typing was conducted by
using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP),
followed by sequencing. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square (X2) test and multivariate
logistic regression with significance level at p<0.05 were applied to analysis the data.
Among 147 subjects, 34 with HLA-B alleles were identified. Bivariable analysis showed
that HLA-B*58 allele was the most significant risk factor for the nevirapine allergy (OR
= 3.67; 95% CI: 1.79 to 7.54), while HLA-B*35 allele was a protective factor (OR =
0.18; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.42). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that young
men and HLA-B*58 allele were the significant risk factors of nevirapine allergy (OR: 4.63;
95% CI: 2.02 to 10.61), while older women with the HLA-B*35 was able to reduce
the risk of nevirapine allergy approximately 81% (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.49). In
conclusion, young male with the HLA-B*58 allele are the high risk factor for nevirapine
allergy in Indonesian HIV patients.