Breast reconstruction

Abstract

Breast reconstruction is such a unique procedure that might potentially be adjusted
in line with time and all advances in technology and instruments (endoscopy,
silicone implants, alloderm grafting). In addition, it adapts in accordance to better,
more sophisticated knowledge of breast anatomy (vascularization, perforator, and
innervation), breast subunits, and systemic changes. Surgical techniques and the
currently available list of materials might be utilized to reconstruct the breast in
such a way to yield cosmetic satisfaction. Combination and modification of those
techniques might be adjusted to the patients’ requests without crossing over the
paths of the disease being corrected (cancer, benign tumor, infection, or other
breast anomalies).
Breast reconstruction’s prerequisite is the absence of cancer approximately 1
cm from the edge of incision, adjusted by shape and size of breasts, and size
of cancer. Several techniques might be applied to conserve and reconstruct the
breasts when the disease has been diagnosed. Oncoplasty applies all techniques
available to reaffirm the principles of oncology, by increasing the distance from
the edges of cancer and proceeding with reconstruction by reduction/mastopexy
(volume displacement), or adjacent/distant flaps (volume replacement). The
disadvantage of BCS/BCT is the short distance from the edge of incision to the
tumor due to the risk of post-operative breast deformity, especially when surgery
is followed by adjuvant radiation.