Sebaran ostracoda sebagai bioindikator kondisi perairan lepas pantai Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur

Ponco Agung Wibowo; Anis Kurniasih; Tjoek Aziz Suprapto; Kresna Tri Dewi

doi:10.22146/mgi.89541

Sebaran ostracoda sebagai bioindikator kondisi perairan lepas pantai Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur

https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.89541

Ponco Agung Wibowo⁽¹⁾, Anis Kurniasih^(2*), Tjoek Aziz Suprapto⁽³⁾, Kresna Tri Dewi⁽⁴⁾

(1) Departemen Teknik Geologi, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(2) Departemen Teknik Geologi, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(3) Departemen Teknik Geologi, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(4) Balai Besar Survei dan Pemetaan Geologi Kelautan, Husen Sastranegara, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Abstrak Perairan lepas pantai Balikpapan memiliki kerentanan tinggi terhadap perubahan kualitas air yang diakibatkan sedimentasi di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian mengenai kondisi lingkungan perairan di daerah ini penting dilakukan. Salah satu bioindikator yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan kualitas perairan adalah ostracoda, yang merupakan mikroorganisme dari jenis Crustacea. Penelitian ini dilakukan di selatan Teluk Balikpapan menggunakan data kemelimpahan ostracoda dalam sedimen Resen pada 25 sampel permukaan dasar laut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan perairan di area penelitian berdasarkan distribusi ostracoda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemelimpahan ostracoda semakin rendah ke arah perairan laut terbuka, dan dari tingkat keanekaragamannya diketahui kondisi perairan tergolong stabil. Hasil analisis cluster membagi area penelitian menjadi dua biotop yakni Biotop1, merupakan lingkungan laut dangkal dengan spesies penciri Cytherella semitalis, Cytherelloidea sp., Phlyctenophora orientalis dan Neomonoceratina indonesiana; Biotop2, berasosiasi dengan lingkungan terumbu karang ditandai dari kehadiran spesies Bairdopillata paraalcyonicola, Paranesidea sp., dan Loxoconcha sp.

Abstract The offshore waters of Balikpapan considered as vulnerable in term of changes in water quality due to high sedimentation. Therefore, research on the condition of the aquatic environment in this area is necessary. One bioindicator that can be used to determine water quality is ostracods, the Crustacean microorganisms that commonly found in the seabed sediments. This research was conducted in southern Balikpapan Bay using ostracod abundance in Recent sediments on 25 seabed surface samples. The aim of this research is to determine the condition of the aquatic environment based on the distribution of ostracods. The results show that the abundance of ostracods is lower towards open sea waters, and from the level of diversity it is known that water conditions are relatively stable. The results of the cluster analysis divided the research area into two biotopes, Biotope1, a shallow marine environment with the diagnostic species Cytherella semitalis, Cytherelloidea sp., Phlyctenophora orientalis and Neomonoceratina indonesiana; Biotope2, associated with coral reef environments, is characterized by the presence of Bairdopillata paraalcyonicola, Paranesidea sp., and Loxoconcha sp.

Keywords

ostracoda; sedimen; bioindikator; Balikpapan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.89541