Studi Pengembangan Pertanian Padi Sawah Organik Berdasarkan Kesesuaian Lahan dan Potensi Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Pertanian di Kecamatan Temon Kabupaten Kulon Progo

https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.13424

Rusiyah Rusiyah(1*), Djarot Sadharto Widiatmoko(2), Tukidal Yunianto(3)

(1) Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRAK Revolusi Hijau telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif, baik pada lingkungan, keanekaragaman hayati pertanian, maupun sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Tujuan  penelitian ini mengkaji: 1) tingkat kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman padi sawah, 2) potensi pupuk organik dari  limbah pertanian,3) karakteristik  sosial ekonomi petani, dan 4) merumuskan  strategi  pengembangan pertanian padi  sawah organik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Teknik pengambilan sampel  dengan  purposive area sampling untuk aspek fisik lahan dan purposive sampling untuk sampel petani. Teknik  pengolahan data  dengan Software LCLP, tabel frekuensi, dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan  kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman padi sawah di daerah penelitian adalah sesuai marginal (S3) dengan luas 1.165,77 ha atau  99,11% dan tidak sesuai saat ini (N1) dengan luas 10,51 ha atau 0,89%, potensi pupuk organik dari limbah pertanian  pada  musim tanam I adalah  5.070,05 ton dan  musim tanam II adalah 3.595,04 ton, karakteristik sosial ekonomi internal petani  memiliki  kekuatan lebih baik dibandingkan karakteristik sosial ekonomi eksternal  petani bagi  pengembangan pertanian padi sawah organik di daerah penelitian, strategi pengembangan pertanian padi sawah  organik di Kecamatan Temon dapat dilakukan  sebagai berikut: (a) pemberian penghargaan/apresiasi kepada petani yang telah berhasil mengembangkan pertanian organik, (b) pemerintah perlu membantu petani dalam mendapatkan  sertifikat produk pertanian organik, (c) pembuatan lahan percontohan/demplot pertanian organik, (d) pemberdayaan peran kelembagaan, (e) kegiatan sosialisasi kepada petani, konsumen  pedagang, pemerintah daerah, penyuluh, dan institusi terkait lainnya, (f) mengintegrasikan pembangunan bidang pertanian dan peternakan,(g) pelatihan teknologi pembuatan pupuk organik dan pestisida organik, (h) meningkatkan produksi pertanian organik, (i) bekerjasama dengan kelompok tani semi organik untuk mengembangkan pertanian organik, (j) mengusahakan  padi varietas lokal, (k) meningkatkan penggunaan pupuk organik, (l) kebijakan penyediaan dan subsidi sarana dan prasarana pertanian organik, (m) petani organik harus menjaga kepercayaan kepada konsumen, (n) pengembangan kualitas sumberdaya manusia melaui pendidikan dan pelatihan.

 

ABSTRACT The Green Revolution has caused many negative impacts both on the environment, agricultural biodiversity, and socioeconomic conditions. The research objective is to assess: 1) the suitability of land for rice crops, 2) the potential of organic fertilizer from agricultural waste, 3) socio-economic characteristics of farmers, and 4) formulating development strategy of organic paddy farming. The method used in this study is a survey method. The sampling technique purposive sampling area for the physical aspects of land and purposive sampling to sample farmers. Software data processing techniques with LCLP, frequency table, and a SWOT analysis. Results of research and discussion of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed that land suitability classes for rice crops in the study area is marginally suitable (S3) with an area of 1165.77 ha or 99.11% and is not appropriate at this time (N1) with an area of 10.51 ha, or 0.89% , the potential of organic fertilizer from agricultural waste in the first planting season was 5070.05 tons and the growing season II is 3595.04 tons, internal social and economic characteristics of farmers have better strength than the external socio-economic characteristics of farmers for the development of organic farming rice paddy fields in the study area , strategy development of rice farming organic farm in Temon can be done as follows: (a) the award / appreciation to the farmers who have managed to develop organic farming, (b) the government should help farmers in getting the certificate of organic agricultural products, (c) the manufacture of land pilot / demonstration plots of organic farming, (d) the empowerment of the role of institutions, (e) dissemination to farmers, consumers merchants, local governments, extension agents, and other relevant institutions, (f) integrating the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, (g) training of manufacturing technology organic fertilizers and organic pesticides, (h) increases the production of organic farming, (i) in cooperation with farmer groups semi-organic to develop organic farming, (j) promoting paddy local variety, (c) increase the use of organic fertilizers, (l) a policy provision and subsidized infrastructure organic farming, (m) organic farmers must maintain the trust of the consumer, (n) developing human resources through education and training.


Keywords


kesesuaian lahan; pertanian padi sawah organik; potensi pupuk organik; land suitability; organic farming paddy rice; potential organic fertilizers




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.13424

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Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 164/E/KPT/2021

Volume 35 No 2 the Year 2021 for Volume 39 No 1 the Year 2025

ISSN  0215-1790 (print) ISSN 2540-945X  (online)

 

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