Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Manajemen Vaksin yang Efektif Di Negara Berpenghasilan Rendah dan Menengah: Tinjauan Literatur

Agustina Rotua Pakpahan; Susi Ari Kristina; Anna Wahyuni Widayanti

doi:10.22146/farmaseutik.v20i4.94710

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Manajemen Vaksin yang Efektif Di Negara Berpenghasilan Rendah dan Menengah: Tinjauan Literatur

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v20i4.94710

Agustina Rotua Pakpahan⁽¹⁾, Susi Ari Kristina^(2*), Anna Wahyuni Widayanti⁽³⁾

(1) Magister Manajemen Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar Belakang Penelitian: Manajemen vaksin yang efektif dapat mencegah pemborosan biaya dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Dengan berbagai tantangan, sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, sumberdaya manusia yang terbatas dan beban kerja yang tinggi di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah apakah pengelolaaan vaksin masih dapat dilakukan dengan baik? Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi manajemen vaksin yang efektif di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah. Metodelogi: Pencarian komprehensif menggunakan 4 database yaitu Science Direct, Pubmed, PLOS One, serta GARUDA. Pencarian menggunakan kata kunci “cold chain management” AND vaccine, “effective vaccine management” AND vaccine dan “rantai dingin vaksin” dengan pembatasan tahun publikasi 2018-2022. Dilakukan seleksi artikel menggunakan PRISMA dan ekstraksi data didapatkan 12 artikel untuk direview. Hasil dan ksimpulan: faktor yang mempengaruhi manajemen vaksin yang efektif yaitu perencanaan logistik, ketersediaan stok vaksin, stok opname vaksin, sistem pencatatan elektronik, penyimpanan vaksin sesuai suhu rekomendasi, ketersediaan peralatan cold chain, sistem Internet Of Things (IOT) untuk monitoring suhu, rencana kontijensi, panduan pemeliharaan cold chain, koordinasi yang baik, penilaian berkala atau monitoring, umpan balik hasil monitoring, penilaian Effective Vaccine Management (EVM), memiliki Standard Operating Prosedure (SOP), kepatuhan terhadap SOP, kualitas pengelola vaksin, status pendidikan petugas, pelatihan yang berkelanjutan.

Keywords

effective vaccine management; rantai dingin vaksin; pengelolaan vaksin; vaksin

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v20i4.94710