Diversity of Santigi ( Pemphis acidula  J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.), A Mangrove Association in Tomini Bay, Sulawesi, Indonesia

Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan; Sukirman Rahim; Melisnawati H. Angio; Muh. Nur Akbar; Magfirahtul Jannah; Yuliana Retnowati; Ramli Utina

doi:10.22146/jtbb.83889

Diversity of Santigi (Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.), A Mangrove Association in Tomini Bay, Sulawesi, Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.83889

Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan^(1*), Sukirman Rahim⁽²⁾, Melisnawati H. Angio⁽³⁾, Muh. Nur Akbar⁽⁴⁾, Magfirahtul Jannah⁽⁵⁾, Yuliana Retnowati⁽⁶⁾, Ramli Utina⁽⁷⁾

(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(2) Wallacea Research Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Jend. Sudirman No.6, Gorontalo City 96128, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(3) Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens and Forestry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda 13, Bogor 16122, West Java, Indonesia
(4) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(5) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(6) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(7) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia; Research Center of Coastal Ecology Based on Local Wisdom (PKEPKL), Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, Bone Bolango 96554, Gorontalo, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Pemphis acidula is a wild plant in rocky or sandy coastal areas and mangrove ecosystems. Different geographic characteristics may affect plant adaptability and have an impact on the emergence of various genotypes. This study was performed to reveal the phenetic relationship and genetic variation of P. acidula in 3 different areas in Tomini Bay, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. We took 3 samples from each location and analysed them using 14 morphological characters and molecular approaches based on ISSR markers and ITS gene. The results showed that P. acidula on Olele had bigger sizes in some morphological features compared to the plants in other study areas. The phenetic analysis showed that P. acidula at Biluhu and Dulanga were more closely related, although P. acidula at the 3 locations had 100% similarity. Genetic variation analysis showed the highest genetic similarity based on ISSR markers was found in Dulanga and Biluhu samples (76.8%). Phylogenetic based on ITS gene revealed that Olele samples were in the same clade with P. acidula accession from GenBank (genetic distance 0-0.19%), while Biluhu samples were a sister group (genetic distance 24.97-25.03%) even though their percentage identity corresponds to P. acidula (81.34%). Plant adaptation to different habitat conditions may affect the genetic diversity of P. acidula.

Keywords

Tropical biodiversity; Coastal ecology; Conservation; Molecular genetics; Plant taxonomy

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.83889