Pengaruh pH Ekstraksi pada Pewarnaan Batik Sutera Menggunakan Pewarna Alami Kulit Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Mahagoni)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.54439

Dwi Wiji Lestari(1*), Vivian Atika(2), Isnaini Isnaini(3), Agus Haerudin(4), Tin Kusuma Arta(5)

(1) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Kementerian Perindustrian, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(2) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Kementerian Perindustrian, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(3) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Kementerian Perindustrian, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(4) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Kementerian Perindustrian, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(5) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Kementerian Perindustrian, Jl. Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The natural dye extracted from Swietenia mahagoni was applied to silk batik. Mahagoni bark is known to contain dyestuff components such as flavonoids and tannins. The dye compound was extracted using water at pH values of 6 (original pH extract), pH 2 (acid), and pH 12 (base) at 100 °C for 1 hour. Variation of extraction pH values was carried out to determine the influence of temperature on the results of the extract. Batik dyeing was carried out at room temperature using dye products. The pre-mordanting and post-mordanting used were alum (Al2(SO4)3.K2SO4.24H2O). The results showed that the dye product extracted in alkaline pH shows a high amount of tannins and flavonoids and the ability to color the silk batik better. The color direction is reddish-brown. The pH values of extraction do not affect the results of the colorfastness to washing test, which is on 4-5 (good) scale.

 

A B S T R A K

Pewarna alami yang diekstrak dari mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) diaplikasikan pada kain batik sutra. Kulit kayu mahoni diketahui mengandung komponen zat warna berupa flavonoid dan tanin. Komponen zat warna diekstraksi menggunakan air pada pH 6, pH 2 (asam) dan pH 12 (basa) pada suhu 100 °C selama 1 jam. Variasi pH ekstraksi dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap hasil ekstrak. Pewarnaan dilakukan pada suhu ruang menggunakan pewarna hasil ekstraksi. Mordan awal dan mordan akhir yang digunakan adalah tawas (Al2(SO4)3.K2SO4.24H2O). Ekstraksi pada pH basa terbukti meningkatkan jumlah zat tanin dan flavonoid yang terekstrak dan mampu mewarnai kain batik sutra dengan lebih baik. Arah warna yang dihasilkan adalah cokelat kemerahan. Derajat keasaman (pH) ekstraksi tidak berpengaruh pada hasil uji ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian, yaitu skala 4-5 (baik).


Keywords


batik; mahoni; pewarna alami

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.54439

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