Preliminary Valuation Activity of Calotropis gigantea L. Extracts against Several Insect Pests

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.71938

Nur Khasanah(1*), Edhi Martono(2), Y. Andi Trisyono(3), Arman Wijonarko(4)

(1) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tadulako Jln. Sukarno Hatta Km. 9 Tondo, Palu, Central Sulawesi 49118 Indonesia
(2) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(3) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(4) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Calotropis gigantea produces secondary metabolites. Some toxicity tests on several pest species had been conducted, yet the most susceptible pest species towards C. gigantea extract is still unknown. This study aims to determine the susceptible insect species and study the behavior of susceptible insects to C. gigantea extract. The test methods used in this research were leaf dipping and spraying upon four insect pest species of different orders (Bactrocera carambolae [Diptera: Tephritidae], Nilapavata lugens [Hemiptera: Delphacidae], Sitophilus zeamais [Coleoptera: Curculionidae], and Plutella xylostella [Lepidoptera: Plutellidae]). The concentration used to determine susceptible insects was 25 g.L-1 and control. Deterrence test of susceptible insects using a choice test and no-choice for 1.5 hours observed every five minutes. Five replication were used for each concentration. Behavioral test of susceptible insects using dietary toxicity test. Five bok choy leaf disc was immersed into solutions for 1 minute and air-dried on a petri dish. Observations were carried out for 12 hours with an observation period of every 1.5 hours. A leaf dipping test for 12 hours with an observation period of every 1.5 hours using the feed method. The concentrations used were 12.5 µgL-1and control. The concentration used was the toxicity test of C. gigantea leaf extract 25, 12.50, 6.25. 3.12, 1.56, 0.78, 0.39, 0.19, 0.09, 0.04 µgL-1. P. xylostella was considered a more susceptible test insect towards C. gigantea leaf extract than B. carambolae, N. lugens, and S. zeamais. C. gigantea leaf extract showed a toxic and feeding deterrent to P. xylostella larvae. The LC50 value of C. gigantea extract against P. xylostella by dipping was 16.9 µg.l-1 and 18.5 µg.l-1 by spray. The components of C. gigantea leaf extract consist of alkaloid, tannin, phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and terpenoid. The result of the research showed that C. gigantea leaf extract has a toxic and deterrent substance against P. xylostella and potential to control P. xylostella.


Keywords


Calotropis gigantea; mortality; Plutella xylostella; susceptible

Full Text:

PDF


References

Ahmed, M., Peiwen, Q., Gu, Z., Liu, Y., Sikandar, A., Hussain, D., & Ji, M. (2020). Insecticidal Activity and Biochemical Composition of Citrullus colocynthis, Cannabis indica and Artemisia argyi Extracts against Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.). Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57092-5

Aini, R., & Mardiyaningsih, A. (2016). Uji Aktivita Saponin dari Ekstrak Getah Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(1). Retrieved from http://www.jurnal.poltekkes-bsi.ac.id/index.php/bsm/article/view/2

Antczak-Orlewska, O., Płóciennik, M., Sobczyk, R., Okupny, D., Stachowicz-Rybka, R., Rzodkiewicz, & M. Kittel. (2021). Chironomidae Morphological Types and Functional Feeding Groups as a Habitat Complexity Vestige. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.583831

Arivoli, S., & Tennyson, S. (2013). Screening of Plant Extracts for Oviposition Activity against Spodoptera litura (Fab). (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), 1(1), 20–24. Retrieved from https://www.faunajournal.com/archives/2013/vol1issue1/PartA/4.1.pdf

Belete, T. (2018). Defense Mechanisms of Plants to Insect Pests: From Morphological to Biochemical Approach. Trends in Technical & Scientific Research, 2(2), 555584. https://doi.org/10.19080/ttsr.2018.02.555584

Cameron, L. M., Rogers, M., Aalhus, M., Seward, B., Yu, Y., & Plettner, E. (2014). Feeding Deterrence of Cabbage Looper (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) by 1-Allyloxy-4-Propoxybenzene, Alone and Blended with Neem Extract, Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(6), 2119–2129. https://doi.org/10.1603/EC14259

Chanwitheesuk, Teerawutgulrag, A., Rakariyatham, A., & Nuansri. (2005). Screening of Antioxidant Activity and Antioxidant Compounds of Some Edible Plants of Thailand. Food Chemistry, 92(3), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.07.035

Deletre, E., Schatz, B., Bourguet, D., Chandre, F., Williams, L., Ratnadass, A., & Martin, T. (2016). Prospects for Repellent in Pest Control: Current Developments and Future Challenges. Chemoecology, 26(4), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-016-0214-0

Dhivya, R., & Manimegalai, K. (2013). Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and GC- MS Profiling of Ethanolic Flower Extract of Calotropis gigantea Linn. (Apocynaceae). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2(3), 28–32. Retrieved from https://www.phytojournal.com/vol2Issue3/Issue_sep_2013/11.1.pdf

Faradilla, M., & Maysarah, H. (2019). Potensi Biduri (Calotropis gigantea (L.) WT Aiton) sebagai Tanaman Obat [Prospect of Biduri (Calotropis gigantea (L.) WT Aiton) as Medicinal Plant]. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 17(2), 246–250. Retrieved from http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/710/507

Fleischer, J., Pregitzer, P., Breer, H., & Krieger, J. (2018). Access to the Odor World: Olfactory Receptors and Their Role for Signal Transduction in Insects. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 75(3), 485–508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-017-2627-5

Habib, M. R., & Karim, M. R. (2016). Chemical Characterization and Insecticidal Activity of Calotropis gigantea L. Flower Extract against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 6(12), 996–999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61171-4

Hikal, W., Baeshen, R. M., & Said-Al Ahl, H. A. H. (2017). Botanical Insecticide as Simple Extractives for Pest Control. Cogent Biology, 3(1), 1404274. https://doi.org/10.1080/23312025.2017.1404274

Khan, S., Taning, C. N. T., Bonneure, E., Mangelinckx, S., Smagghe, G., & Shah, M. M. (2017). Insecticidal Activity of Plant-derived Extracts against Different Economically Important Pest Insects. Phytoparasitica, 45(1), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-017-0569-y

Khasanah, N., Martono, E., Trisyono, Y. A., & Wijonarko, A. (2021). Toxicity and Antifeedant Activity of Calotropis gigantea L. Leaf Extract against Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, 16(6), 677–682. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160609

Koraag, M. E., Isnawati, R., Kurniawan, A., Risti, R., & Hidayah, N. (2017). Uji Larvasida Crude Protease Getah Widuri (Calotropis gigantea) terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. [Crude Protease of Calotropis gigantea Larvicide Test against Aedes aegypt Larvae]. Jurnal Vektor Penyakit, 11(2), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.22435/vektorp.v11i2.7342.71-76

Laxmishree, C., & Nandita, S. (2017). Botanical Pesticides, a Major Alternative to Chemical Pesticides: A Review. International Journal of Life Sciences, 5(4), 722–729. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354728412

Lina, E., Dadang, D., Manuwoto, S., & Syahbirin, G. (2015). Gangguan Fisiologi dan Biokimia Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Akibat Perlakuan Ekstrak Campuran Tephrosia vogelli Hook. dan Piper aduncum L. [Physiological and Biochemical Interferences Caused by Treatment of Mixture Extracts of Tephrosia vogelli and Piper aduncum]. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, 12(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.12.2.100

Ma, N., Huang, J., & Hua, B. (2013). Functional Morphology and Sexual Dimorphism of Mouthparts of the Short-Faced Scorpionfly Panorpodes kuandianensis (Mecoptera: Panorpodidae). PLoS ONE, 8(3), e60351. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060351

Ningsih, D., Idroes, R., Bachtiar, B. M., & Khairan. (2019). The Potential of Five Therapeutic Medicinal Herbs for Dental Treatment: A Review. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 523(1), 012009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/523/1/012009

Nuryanti, N. S. P., Martono, E., Ratna, E. S., & Dadang. (2018). The Bioactivities of Selected Piperaceae and Asteraceae Plant Extracts against Brown Plant Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål.). Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences, 24(2), 70–78.

Ojo, J. A., & Omoloye, A. A. (2016). Development and Life History of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Cereal Crops. Advances in Agriculture, 2016, 7836379. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7836379

Pandian, S. K., Suresh, E., & Kalavathy, S. (2013). Review on a Potential Herb Calotropis gigantea (L.) R . Br. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy (SAJP), 2(2), 135–143.

Parvin, S., Abdul Kader, M., Uzzaman Chouduri, A., Abu Shuaib Rafshanjani, M., & Ekramul Haque, M. (2014). Antibacterial, Antifungal and Insecticidal Activities of the n-hexane and ethyl-acetate Fractions of Methanolic Extract of the Leaves of Calotropis gigantea Linn. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2(5), 47–51.

Prabhu. A, Priyadharshini. P, & Thangamalar, A. (2017). Study on Larvicidal Effect of Different Plant Parts of Milk Weed Plant (Calotropis gigantea R. Br.) against Helicoverpa armigera. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(10), 655–660. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.080

Renou, M., & Anton, S. (2020). Insect Olfactory Communication in a Complex and Changing World. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 42, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2020.04.004

Richardson, P. M., & Harborne, J. B. (1985). Phytochemical Methods. Brittonia, 37, 309. https://doi.org/10.2307/2806080

Sjam, S., Rosmana, A., Dewi, V. S., Sari, D. E., Tresnaputra, U. S., & Herawati, A. (2017). Oviposition Deterrent and Ovicidal Properties of Calotropis gigantea (L.) Leaf Extract to Paraeucosmetus pallicornis (Dallas) in Rice. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 57(3), 243–247. https://doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2017-0034

Sumathi, R., Suresh, B., Rajasugugunasekaran, D., Senthilkumar, N., & Murugesan, S. (2017). Insecticidal Property of Calotropis gigantea against Papaya Mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus) on Ailanthus excelsa. International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology, 4(1), 232–236.

Tripathi, P. K., Awasthi, S., Kanojiya, S., Tripathi, V., & Mishra, D. K. (2013). Callus Culture and in Vitro Biosynthesis of Cardiac Glycosides from Calotropis gigantea (L.) Ait. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant, 49(4), 455–460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-012-9481-9

Trisyono, Y. A., Aryuwandari, V., Rahayu, T., & Martono, E. (2017). Effects of Etofenprox Applied at the Sublethal Concentration on the Fecundity of Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 20(2), 547–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2017.03.013

Wallingford, A. K., Cha, D. H., Linn, C. E., Wolfin, M. S., & Loeb, G. M. (2017). Robust Manipulations of Pest Insect Behavior using Repellents and Practical Application for Integrated Pest Management. Environmental Entomology, 46(5), 1041–1050. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvx125

Yadav, G., & Meena, M. (2021). Bioprospecting of Endophytes in Medicinal Plants of Thar Desert: An Attractive Resource for Biopharmaceuticals. Biotechnology Reports, 30, e00629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00629

Yang, H., Piao, X., Zhang, L., Song, S., Song S, & Yonghua, X. (2017). Ginsenosides from the Stems and Leaves of Panax ginseng Show Antifeedant Activity against Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Industrial Crops and Products, 124, 412–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.07.054

Yu, S. J. (2011). The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420059762



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.71938

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1684 | views : 652

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics