* Corresponding Author
Parasitoid Diversity and Host-Parasitoid Interaction in Oil Palm Plantations with Different Management System
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.31232 Muhammad Iqbal Tawakkal(1*), Damayanti Buchori(2), Akhmad Rizali(3), Adha Sari(4), Pudjianto Pudjianto(5)
(1) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University Jln. Kamper, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java 16680
(2) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University Jln. Kamper, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java 16680
(3) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya Jln. Veteran, Malang, East Java 65145
(4) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University Jln. Kamper, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java 16680
(5) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University Jln. Kamper, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java 16680
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Parasitoids play an important role in controlling pests, including pests of oil palm. To maximize biological control technique using parasitoids, interactions between pests and parasitoids need to be studied. This research aimed to study parasitoid diversity and host-parasitoid interaction in oil palm plantation with the different management system. The field research was conducted in oil palm plantation own by smallholder and company (PT Humusindo) in Jambi. Sampling insects was conducted by collecting pests (parasitoid host) on oil palm trees with age of four years old. Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the pests were taken directly by hand then reared in the laboratory to know their parasitoids. Pests and parasitoids emerged were identified up to morphospecies or species level. A total of 176 lepidopteran pests consisting of 15 morphospecies and 6 families, and 650 parasitoids consisting of 21 morphospecies and 12 families have been collected. Nine morphospecies of pests from 25 individuals were found in smallholder plantation and 14 morphospecies of pests from 151 individuals in company plantation. Eight morphospecies of 26 parasitoids were found in smallholder plantations and 8 morphospecies of 624 parasitoids in the company plantation. The interaction structure between pests and parasitoids is more complex in the company plantation than in smallholder plantations. Family Braconidae and Ichneumonidae are the most parasitoids found and associated with nettle caterpillars. The different of the management system of oil palm plantation did not affect the diversity and abundance of pests as well as their parasitoids in oil palm plantations.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Amarasekare, P. 2000. Coexistence of Competing Parasitoids on Patchily Distributed Host: Local vs Spatial Mechanisms. Ecology 81: 1286−1296.
Apriliani, L.A. 2015. Keanekaragaman Hama dan Parasitoid pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Jambi. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 27 p.
Basri, M.W., K. Norman, & A.B. Hamdan. 1995. Natural Enemy of the Bagworm, Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) and their Impact on Host Population Regulation. Crop Protection 14: 637−645.
Beach, J. P., L. Williams, D. L. Hendrix, & L.D. Price. 2003. Different Food Sources Affect the Gustatory Response of Anaphes iole, an Egg Parasitoid of Lygus spp. Journal of Chemical Ecology 29: 1203–1222.
Clausen. 1940. Entomophagus Insect. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York US. 668 p.
Clausen. 1994. Estimating Terrestrial Biodiversity through Extrapolation. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. 345: 101−118.
Corley, R.H.V. & P.B. Tinker. 2003. The Oil Palm. 4th Edition. Blackwell Science Ltd., Iowa, US. 592 p.
Corley, R.H.V. & P.B. Tinker. 2005. Two New Species Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae) of Economic Impotance Reared from Cybocephalus nipponicus (Coleoptera: Cybocephalidae). Zootaxa 1018: 47−54.
Gazhali, A., S. Asmah, M. Syafiq, M.S. Yahya, A. Aziz, T. Peng, A.R. Norhisham, C.L. Puan, E.C. Turner, & B. Azhar. 2016. Effects of Monoculture and Polyculture Farming in Oil Palm Smallholdings on Terrestrial Arthropod Diversity. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 19: 415–421.
Gentry, G. 2003. Multiple Parasitoid Visitors to the Extrafloral Nectaries of Solanum adherens. Is S. adherens an Insectary Plant? Basic and Applied Ecology 4: 405–411.
Godfray, H.C J. 1993. Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology. Princeton University, Princeton, UK. 488 p.
Goulet, H. & J.T. Huber. 1993. Hymenoptera of the World: An Identification Guide to Families. Minister of Supply and Services, Ontario, US. 668 p.
Hanysyam, M.N.M., I. Fauziah, M.H.S. Khairiyah, K. Fairuz K, Z.M. Rasdi, M.Z.N. Zfarina, R. Ismail, & R. Norazliza. 2013. Assesment on the Diversity of Parasitoids of Bagworms (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) in FELDA Gunung Besout 6, Sungkai, Perak. SHUSER 2013: 130−135.
Hasibuan, R., I.G. Swibawa, A.M. Hariri, S. Pramono, F.X. Susilo, & N. Karmike. 2002. Dampak Aplikasi Insektisida Permetrin terhadap Serangga Hama (Thosea sp.) dan Serangga Penyerbuk (Elaeidobius kamerunicus) dalam Agroekosistem Kelapa Sawit. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 2: 42−46.
Kalshoven, L.G.E. 1981. The Pests Crops in Indonesia. (de Plagen van de Culturagewasseen in Indonesie, translated by P.A. van der Laan). PT Ichtiar Baru-van Hoeve, Jakarta. 701 p.
Lawton, J. H. 1983. Plant Architecture and the Diversity of Phytophagous Insects. Annual Review of Entomology 28: 23–39.
Marino, P.C., D.A. Landis, & B.A. Hawkins. 2005. Conserving Parasitoid Assemblages of North American Pest Lepidoptera: Does Biological Control by Native Parasitoids Depend on Landscape Complexity? Biological Control 37: 173−185.
McAlpine, J.F., B.V. Peterson, G.E. Shewell, & H.J. Teskey. 1981. Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol I. Biosystematics Research Institute Ottawa, Ontario-Canada. 674 p.
Nugraha, M.H., D. Buchori, A. Nurmansyah, & A. Rizali.2014. Interaksi Tropik antara Hama dan Parasitoid pada Pertanaman Sayuran: Faktor Pembentuk dan Implikasinya terhadap Keefektifan Parasitoid. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 11: 103−112.
Pamuji, R., T.R. Rahardjo, & H. Tarno. 2013. Populasi dan Serangan Hama Ulat Kantung Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) serta Parasitoidnya di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 2: 58−71.
Putra, I.L.I. 2016. Keanekaragaman Hymenoptera Parasitoid di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit PTPN VIII Cindali, Bogor. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 84 p.
Quicke, D. L. J. 1997. Parasitic Wasps. Chapman & Hall, New York, US. 470 p.
R-Development, CT. 2013. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [internet]. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing: http://cran.r-project.org/.
Ribas, C. R., J. H. Schoereder, M. Pic, & S.M. Soares. 2003. Tree Heterogeneity, Resource Availability, and Larger Scale Processes Regulating Arboreal ant Species Richness. Austral Ecology 28: 305–314.
Root, R.B. 1973. Organization of a Plant-Arthropod Association in Simple and Diverse Habitats: The Fauna of Collards (Brassica oleracea). Ecology Monographs 43: 95−124.
Rubiana, R. 2014. Pengaruh Transformasi Habitat terhadap Keanekaragaman dan Struktur Komunitas Semut di Jambi. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 40 p.
Sahari, B. 2012. Struktur Komunitas Parasitoid Hymenoptera di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Desa Pandu Senjaya, Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada, Kalimantan Tengah. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 132 p.
Sankaran, T. & R.A. Syed. 1972. The Natural Enemies of Bagworms on Oil Palms in Sabah, East Malaysia. Pacific Insect 14: 57−71.
Schnitzler F.R., J.M. Haw, L. Kumarasinghe, & S. George. 2012. Identification Guide to Lepidoptera Larvae Intercepted on Trade Pathways. Vol 15. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of New Zealand. 105 p.
Simanjuntak, D., T.A.P. Rozziansha, Sudharto, A. Sipayung, R.D. de Chenon, A.E. Prasetyo, & A. Susanto. 2011. Informasi Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman: Setora nitens Walker (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae). Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, Medan. 13 p.
Sperber C F, K. Nakayama, M.J. Valverdec, & F.S. Neves. 2004. Tree Species Richness and Density Affect Parasitoid Diversity in Cacao Agroforestry. Basic and Applied Ecology 5: 241−251.
Sudharto, P.S., R.D. de Chenon, P. Guritno, & Z. Poeloengan. 2003. Biological Control of Oil Palm Nettle Caterpillars in Indonesia: Review of Research Activities in Indonesia Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI), p. 362−371. In Proceedings of the PIPOC 2003 International Palm Oil Congress.
Syahnen & I.R.T.U. Siahaan. 2013. Rekomendasi Pengendalian Hama Ulat Api pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Dusun X Bandar Manis Desa Kuala Beringin Kecamatan Kualuh Hulu Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara. Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, Jakarta.
Thompson, S.N. 1999. Nutrition and Culture of Entomophagous Insects. Annual Review of Entomology 44: 561–592.
Varkonyi, G., I. Hanski, M. Rost, & J. Itamies. 2002. Host-Parasiotoid Dynamics in Periodic Boreal Moths. Oikos 98: 421−430.
Wackers, F. L. 2001. A Comparison of Nectar and Honeydew Sugars with Respect to their Utilization by the Hymenopteran Parasitoid Cotesia glomerata. Journal of Insect Physiology 47: 1077–1084.
Yaherwandi. 2009. Struktur Komunitas Hymenoptera Parasitoid pada Berbagai Lanskap Pertanian di Sumatra Barat. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 6: 1−14.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.31232
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 4855
| 
views : 3000
Refbacks
Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics