Confirmation on Status of Chaetocnema basalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae) as A Vector of Stewart Wilt Disease
Heri Widodo(1*), Arman Wijonarko(2), Witjaksono Witjaksono(3), Suputa Suputa(4)
(1) Agricultural Quarantine Station of Tanjung Balai Karimun Jln. Jend. Sudirman Tanjung Balai Karimun, Kepulauan Riau 29661
(2) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281
(3) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281
(4) Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Chaetocnema pulicaria and C. denticulata are recognized as vectors of Stewart wilt disease caused by Pantoea stewartii on maize. These insects have not been reported yet in Indonesia, but Stewart wilt disease has been reported in Java and Sumatera Islands. Genus Chaetocnema which presented in Indonesia is C.basalis. It is not cleared whether C. basalis is a vector for Stewart wilt disease like C. pulicaria and C. denticulata. This reseach was aimed to conduct the confirmation on status whether C. basalis have a role as vector of Stewart wilt disease on maize or not. C. basalis imago were collected from maize growing areas in Yogyakarta, and then starved for 24 h. Treatments were applied by placing imago of C. basalis on infected-P. stewartii plants for 72 h. Five insects were then transferred to each plot of healthy plant (1 plot consisted of 5 plants) for 72 h. For control, imago of C. basalis were put on healthy plants for 72 h and five insects were then transferred to other healthy plant (1 plot consisted of 5 plants) for 72 h. Each treatment was repeated three times. On the fifteenth days after transmission, PCR assays were carried out on leaf samples and isolates of bacteria. All sampled leaves analysis showed that there were no Stewart wilt diseases transmission based on PCR assay and bacterial isolates. This concluded that C. basalis is not a vector for Stewart wilt disease on maize.
Intisari
Chaetocnema pulicaria dan C. denticulata merupakan serangga vektor penyakit layu stewart yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Pantoea stewartii pada tanaman jagung. Kedua serangga ini belum pernah dilaporkan keberadaannya di Indonesia tetapi penyakit layu stewart telah ditemukan di pulau Jawa dan pulau Sumatera. Serangga Genus Chaetocnema yang ada di Indonesia adalah Chaetocnema basalis. C. basalis belum diketahui secara pasti sebagai vektor penyakit layu stewart seperti halnya C. pulicaria dan C. denticulata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan konfirmasi status apakah C. basalis berperan sebagai vektor penyakit layu stewart pada tanaman jagung atau tidak. Serangga uji berupa imago C. basalis yang dikoleksi dari pertanaman jagung di Yogyakarta, lalu dilaparkan selama 24 jam. Pengujian perlakuan dilakukan dengan menempatkan imago C. basalis pada tanaman terserang P. stewartii selama 72 jam. Kemudian dipindahkan pada tanaman sehat sejumlah 5 ekor per plot tanaman bersungkup (1 plot terdiri dari 5 tanaman) selama 72 jam. Perlakuan kontrol dilakukan dengan menempatkan imago C. basalis pada tanaman sehat selama 72 jam, kemudian dipindahkan pada tanaman sehat yang lain sejumlah 5 ekor per plot tanaman bersungkup (1 plot terdiri dari 5 tanaman) selama 72 jam. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Pada hari ke-15 setelah penularan, dilakukan uji PCR daun tanaman sampel dan isolat bakteri. Hasil pengujian semua sample daun menunjukkan negatif sehingga dipastikan bahwa C. basalis bukan merupakan vektor penyakit layu stewart pada tanaman jagung.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant Pathology. Fifth edition. Academic Press, New York. 922 p.
Ammar, E.D, S.A. Hogenhout, V. Correa & M.G Redinbough. 2014. Immunofluorescence Localization and Ultrastructure of Stewart’s Wilt Disease Bacterium Pantoea stewartii in Maize Leaves and in its Flea Beetle Vector Chaetocnema pulicaria (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure 2: 28–33.
Anonymous. 2015. Laporan Pemantauan Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina 2015. Balai Karantina Pertanian Kelas II Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta. 155 p.
Anonymous. 2016a. http://www.plantwise.org/Knowledge Bank/PWMap.aspx? speciesID=31363&dsID= 21939 & loc=global, modified 05/02/17.
Anonymous. 2016b. Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. EPPO Bulletin 8: 30–35. https://www.eppo.int/ QUARANTINE/data_sheets/bacteria/ERWIST_ds.pdf., modified 04/09/16.
Chapman R.F. 2013. The Insect “Structure and Function”. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 929 p.
Coplin, D.L, & D.R. Majerczak. 2002. Identification of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii by PCR and Strain Differentiation by PFGE. Plant Disease 86: 304–311.
Correa, V.R, E.D. Ammar, S.A. Hogenhout, & M.G. Redinbough. 2012. The Bacterium Pantoea stewartii Uses Two Different Type III Secretion Systems to Colonize its Plant Host and Insect Vector. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78: 6327–6336.
Goodwin, P.H. B.G. Xue, C.R. Kuske, & M.K. Sears. 1994. Amplification of Plasmid DNA to Detect Plant Pathogenic Mycoplasmalike Organisms. Annals of Applied Biology 124: 27–36.
Konstantinov, S.A, A. Baselga, V.V. Grebennikov, & S.W. Lingafelter. 2011. Revision of the Paleartic Chaetocnema Species (Coleoptera: Chrysomellidae: Geluricinae: Alticini). Pensoft Publisher, Moscow. 366 p.
Martini, X, M. Hoffman, M.R. Coy, L.L. Stelinski, & K.S. Pelzstelinski. 2015. Infection of an Insect Vector with a Bacterial Plant Pathogen Increases its Propensity for Dispersal. PLoS ONE 10: 1–16.
Orlovskis, Z, M.C. Canale, V. Thole, P. Pecher, J.R.S. Lopes, & S.A. Hogenhout. 2015. Insect-Borne Plant Pathogenic Bacteria: Getting a Ride Goes beyond Physical Contact. Current Opinion in Insect Science 9: 16–23.
Pataky, J. & R. Ikin. 2003. Pest Risk Analysis: The Risk of Introducing Erwinia stewartii in Maize Seed. The International Seed Federation, Nyon, Switzerland. 79 p.
Pataky, J. K. 2004. Stewart’s Wilt of Corn. The Plant Health Instructor. http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/intropp/lessons/prokaryotes/Pages/StewartWilt.aspx. modified 09/05/17.
Poos, F.W & C. Elliott. 1936. Certain Insect Vectors of Aplanobacter Stewarti. Journal of Agricultural Research 52: 585−608.
Rahma, H. 2010. Penyebaran Penyakit Stewart oleh Bakteri Pantoea stewartii sebagai Penyakit Baru pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays) Studi Kasus di Pasaman Barat. http://repository.unand. ac.id/4112/ 1/ARTIKEL_Haliatur.doc. Project Report. Universitas Andalas, Padang. 11 p. (Unpublished).
Rahma, H, M.S. Sinaga, M. Surahman, & Giyanto. 2014. First Report of Stewart’s Wilt of Maize Caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. Stewartii in Bogor District, Indonesia. Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences 20: 131–141.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.23002
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3816 | views : 2065Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics