* Corresponding Author
Increasing Soil Suppressivity to Fusarium Wilt Of Banana Through Banana Intercropping with Allium spp.
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16344 Arif Wibowo(1*), Aulia Rahman Alboneh(2), Medina Uli Alba Somala(3), Siti Subandiyah(4), Tony Pattison(5), Agustin Molina(6)
(1) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(4) Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(5) Department of Employment, Economic Development, and Innovation (DEEDI), PO Box 20, South Johnstone 4859, Queensland, Australia
(6) Bioversity International The Phillipines
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive diseases of banana and has spread in many plantation areas in Indonesia. Until today, the effective ways to control banana fusarium wilt disease have not yet been found. Some studies indicated thatAllium spp. could be used to suppress plant diseases caused by Fusarium. Allium spp. are important horticultural crops which are generally cultivated in some areas in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the effect of several species ofAllium spp. intercropped with banana to improve soil suppressiveness against banana fusarium wilt disease. The results showed that up to 12 months after planting, from 3 species ofAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/ Chinese leek, A. fistulosum/ bunching onion, and A. cepa var. aggregatum/ shallot) intercropped with banana Ambon Kuning (AAA) cultivar, Chinese leek and shallot were able to suppress the incidence of fusarium wilt disease of banana by 46 and 33% respectively. Soil analysis on the rhizosphere of banana intercropped with Chinese leek and shallot had lower population of total Fusarium compared to the other treatments. Analysis of fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) or FDA also showed that total microbial activity in the rhizosphere of banana intercropped withAllium spp. was also lower compared to control treatment (without intercropping). The observation of the effect ofAllium spp. extracts on Foc showed that Allium spp. extracts were able to suppress the development of the colony and spore germination of Foc in vitro.
INTISARI
Layu Fusarium, yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), merupakan salah satu penyakit tanaman pisang yang paling merusak dan telah tersebar di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Sampai saat ini cara yang efektif untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium pisang belum ditemukan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Allium spp. dapat dipergunakan untuk menekan penyakit tumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium. Allium spp. adalah tanaman hortikultura penting yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa spesiesAllium spp. yang ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman pisang untuk meningkatkan supresifitas tanah dalam menekan penyakit layu fusarium pisang. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa sampai 12 bulan setelah tanam, dari 3 spesiesAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/kucai, A. fistulosum/loncang, dan A. cepa var. aggregatum/bawang merah) yang ditumpangsarikan dengan pisang kultivar Ambon Kuning (AAA), kucai dan bawang merah mampu menekan insidensi penyakit layu fusarium pisang berturut-turut sebesar 46% dan 33%. Analisis tanah rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan kucai dan bawang merah menunjukkan populasi total Fusarium yang lebih rendah daripada perlakuan lainnya. Analisis fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) atau FDA juga menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas total mikrobia pada rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan Allium spp. lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (tanpa tumpang sari). Pengamatan pengaruh ekstrak Allium spp. terhadap Foc menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Allium spp. mampu menekan perkembangan koloni dan perkecambahan spora Foc secara in vitro.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abd El-Ghany, T.M., M.M. Roushdy, & Al Abboud, M.A. 2015. Efficacy of Certain Plant Extracts as Safe Fungicides against Phytopathogenic and Mycotoxigenic Fungi. Agricultural and Biological Sciences Journal 1: 71−75.
Adam, G. & H. Duncan. 2001. Development of a Sensitive and Rapid Method for the Measurement of Total Microbial Activity Using Fluorescein Diacetate (FDA) in a Range of Soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 33: 943−951.
Francis, C.A. 1986. Introduction: Distribution and Importance of Multiple Cropping, p. 82−95. In C.A. Francis (ed.), Multiple Cropping System. MacMillan Publ. Co., New York.
Gopi, M. & R. Thangavelu. 2014. Suppression of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana by Zimmu (Allium zepa L. X Allium sativum L.) Leaf Extract. African Journal of Microbiology Research 8: 2904−2915.
Huang, Y.H., R.C. Wang, C.H. Li, C.W. Zuo, Y.R. Wei, L. Zhang, & G.J. Yi. 2012. Control of Fusarium Wilt in Banana with Chineese Leek. European Journal of Plant Pathology 134: 87−95.
Mandeel, Q.A., J.A. Abbas, & A.M. Saeed. 1995. Survey of Fusarium Species in an Arid Environment of Bahrain II. Spectrum of Species on Five Isolation Media. Sydowia 47: 223−239.
Moore N.Y., S. Bentley, K.G. Pegg, & D.R. Jones. 1995. Fusarium Wilt of Banana. Musa Disease Fact Sheet No. 5. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/uploads/tx_news/Fusarium_wilt_of_banana_702.pdf, modified 21/6/15.
Nasir, N., Jumjunidang, & Riska. Deteksi dan Pemetaan Distribusi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense pada Daerah Potensial Pengembangan Agribisnis Pisang di Indonesia. Jurnal Hortikultura 5: 50−57.
Parvu, M. & A.E. Parvu. 2011. Antifungal Plant Extracts, p.1055−1062. InA.Mendez-Vilas (ed.), Science against Microbial Pathogens: Communicating Current Research and Technological Advances. FORMATEX Microbial Serie No. 3 Vol. 1, Badajoz, Spain.
Parvu, M, L. Barbu-Tudoran, O. Rosca-casian, L. Vlase, & S. Tripon. 2010. Ultrastructural Changes in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tulipae Hyphae Treated In vitro with Allium fistulosum Plant Extract. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology 15: 65−72.
Sanchez-Monedero, M.A., C. Mondini, M.L. Cayuela, A. Roig, M. Contin, & M. De Nobili. 2008. Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolysis, Respiration and Microbial Biomass in Freshly Amended Soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 44: 885−890.
Shcnurer, J. & T. Rosswall. 1982. Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolysis as a Measure of Total Microbial Activity in Soil and Litter. Applied Environmental Microbiology 43: 1256−1261.
Sulivan, P. 2003. Intercropping Principles and Production Practices: Agronomy System Guide. http://www.slideshare.net/ElisaMendelsohn/intercropping-principles-and-production-practices, modified 21/6/15.
Swisher, R. & G.C. Carroll. 1980. Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolysis as an Eestimator of Microbial Biomass on Coniferous Needle Surfaces. Microbial Ecology 6: 217−226.
Tagoe, D.N.A., H.D. Nyarko, & R. Akpaka. 2011. A Comparison of the Antifungal Properties of Onion (Allium cepa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Garlic (Allium sativum) against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Cladosporium herbarum. Research Journal of Medical Plant 5: 281−287.
Tombe, M. 2010. Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan dalam Pengendalian Terpadu Penyakit Busuk Batang Vanili (BBV). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Jakarta.
Un-Nisa, T., A.H. Wani, & R.A. Mir. 2010. Antimycotic Activity of Plant Extracts on the Spore Germination of Some Pathogenic Fungi. Mycopath 8: 65−69.
Un-Nisa, T.,A.H. Wani, M.Y. Bhat, S.A. Pala, & R.A. Mir. 2011. In vitro Inhibitory Effect of Fungicides and Botanicals on Mycelial Growth and Spore Germination of Fusarium oxysporum. Journal of Biopesticides 4: 53−56.
Zhang, H., A. Mallik, & R.N. Zeng. 2013. Control of Panama Disease of Banana by Rotating and Intercropping with Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): Role of Plant Volatiles. Journal of Chemical Ecology 39: 243−252.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16344
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3235
| 
views : 1614
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics