Evaluasi Pengadaan Obat dengan E-Purchasing Melalui E-Catalogue di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2017 – 2018

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.47800

Wijaya Andi Saputra(1*), Diah Ayu Puspandari(2), Muhammad Faozi Kurniawan(3)

(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Latar belakang: Pengaturan pengadaan obat berdasarkan e-catalogue dengan metode e-purchasing adalah dalam rangka meningkatkan efektifitas, efisiensi dan transparansi pada proses pengadaan obat program JKN. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia DIY mulai menggunakan metode pengadaan obat tersebut pada tahun 2017 setelah sebelumnya menggunakan metode pengadaan langsung. Kendala yang dialami dalam pengadaan adalah waktu pengiriman obat yang bervariasi; beberapa obat yang stoknya kosong di e-catalogue karena kosong pabrik; beberapa penyedia yang mensyaratkan pembelian dengan minimal faktur sehingga tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan; pemesanan yang lama direspon oleh penyedia; obat tidak masuk e-catalogue; terbatasnya tenaga kefarmasian sebagai pejabat pengadaan obat. Tujuan penelitian: Melakukan evaluasi pengadaan obat dengan metode e-purchasing melalui e-catalogue di RS Jiwa Grhasia DIY tahun 2017-2018. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap responden yang dianggap mengetahui dan terlibat dalam proses pengadaan dan atau pengelolaan obat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia DIY. Data sekunder didapatkan melalui observasi dokumen yang berhubungan dengan pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia DIY tahun 2017-2018. Hasil penelitian: Prosentase jumlah obat dengan lead time lebih dari 30 hari tahun 2017 dan 2018 dengan metode e-purchasing adalah sebesar 35,17% dan 26,98%. Lead time obat dengan metode pengadaan langsung tidak ada yang lebih dari 30 hari. Realisasi pengadaan obat metode e-purchasing paling rendah sebesar 78,72% pada triwulan 4 tahun 2017 dan paling tinggi sebesar 87,93% pada triwulan 2 tahun 2018. Waktu kekosongan obat jiwa paling lama adalah selama 9 bulan dengan tingkat ketersediaan selama 3 bulan. Belum ada bagan struktur organisasi pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia. Harga obat yang diperoleh dengan metode pengadaan langsung sebagai akibat kegagalan dalam proses e-purchasing lebih mahal. Pejabat pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia bukan seorang tenaga kefarmasian. Kesimpulan: Lead time dan kekosongan obat di e-catalogue merupakan masalah eksternal dari pengadaan obat dengan metode e-purchasing di RS Jiwa Grhasia. Selain itu, terdapat masalah internal seperti terbatasnya tenaga farmasi sebagai pejabat pengadaan obat, ketidakjelasan koordinasi karena ketiadaan bagan struktur organisasi pengadaan obat, dan inefisiensi anggaran karena proses e-purchasing yang gagal.


Background : The regulation of medicines procurement based on e-catalogue with e-purchasing method is in order to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and transparency in the procurement process of JKN medicines. Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital has been using e-purchasing method in 2017 after previously using the direct procurement method. Barriers encountered in the medicines procurement process are the varying length of lead time; unavailability of medicines in e-catalogue because of medicines stock out at the provider level; some providers determine purchases with a certain nominal so that it is not in accordance with the plan; some providers require a long time to answer the order; some medicines that are not included in the e-catalogue list; limited pharmacy staff as drug procurement officials.

Objective : The aim of this research was to evaluate the medicines procurement with e-purchasing method through e-catalogue at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital in 2017-2018.

Research method : This research was qualitative with a case study approach and used in-depth interviews with respondents who were considered to be understanding and involved in the procurement and / or management of medicines at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital. Secondary data was obtained through observation of documents relating to the medicines procurement at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital in 2017-2018.

Results : The percentage of medicines with a lead time of more than 30 days in 2017 and 2018 with e-purchasing method was 35.17% and 26.98%. The lead time for medicines with the direct procurement method was no more than 30 days. The lowest realization of procurement of drugs using the e-purchasing method was 78.72% in the fourth quarter of 2017 and the highest was 87.93% in the second quarter of 2018. The longest unavailability of antipsychotic drugs was 9 months with only 3 months availability level. There was no chart of medicines procurement organization in Grhasia Mental Hospital. The price of medicines obtained by direct procurement as a result of failure in the e-purchasing process was more expensive. Medicines procurement official at the Grhasia Mental Hospital was not a pharmacist.

Conclusion : Lead time and medicines stock out in e-catalogue was external factors that inhibit medicines procurement using e-purchasing method at Grhasia Mental Hospital. In addition, there was internal problems such as the limited number of pharmacists as medicines procurement officials, unclear coordination because there was no chart of medicines procurement organization, and budget inefficiency due to a failed e-purchasing process.

Keywords: Medicines procurement, e-purchasing, medicine availability.

Keywords


Medicines procurement; e-purchasing; medicine availability

Full Text:

PDF


References

Kemenkes RI. Lampiran Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 63 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pengadaan Obat Berdasarkan Katalog Elektronik (E-Catalogue). Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2014.
Kemenkes RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 63 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pengadaan Obat Berdasarkan Katalog Elektronik (E-Catalogue). Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2014.
Kusmini, Satibi, Suryawati S. Evaluasi Pelaksanaan E-Purchasing Obat Pada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten / Kota Di Jawa Tengah Tahun 2015. J Manaj dan Pelayanan Farm. 2016;6:277–87.
Kjos AL, Binh NT, Robertson C, Candidatec JR. A drug procurement , storage and distribution model in public hospitals in a developing country. Res Soc Adm Pharm [Internet]. Elsevier Inc; 2016;12(3):371–83. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.07.007
Kohler JC, Mackey TK, Ovtcharenko N. Why the MDGs need good governance in pharmaceutical systems to promote global health. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):63.
Huff-rousselle M. The logical underpinnings and benefits of pooled pharmaceutical procurement : A pragmatic role for our public institutions ? Soc Sci Med Elsevier. 2012;75.
Anand H. Lead Time in Drug Procurement : A Study of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India. JRFHHA. 2016;4:16–9.
Risqi H, Nugraheni DA, Medisa D. Analisis Ketersediaan Obat Publik Pada Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman Tahun 2015. Pros Rakernas dan Pertem Ilm Tah Ikat Apot Indones 2016. 2016;(4):178–82.
Raharni, Supardi S, Sari ID. Kemandirian dan Ketersediaan Obat Era Jaminan Kesehatan. Litbangkes Kementrian Kesehat RI. 2018;28:219–28.
Quick JD, Barraclough A, Clark M, Lee D. Managing Procurement. In: Martha Embrey, editor. Managing Access to Medicines and Health Technologies. 3rd ed. Management Sciences for Health; 2012. p. 321.
Muia MD. Factors Affecting Consistency in Supply of Pharmaceutical Products in Government Hospitals in Kenya : A Case Study of Maragua District Hospital. Dev Ctry Stud. 2013;3(13):21–53.
Sutriatmoko, Satibi, Puspandari DA. Analisis Penerapan E-Procurement Obat Dengan Prosedur E-Purchasing Berdasar E-Catalogue Di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten / Kota Di Jawa Tengah. J Manaj dan Pelayanan Farm. 2015;5:267–74.
Matungga D, Nyanamba S, Okibo W. The Effect of E-Procurement Practices on Effective Procurement in Public Hospitals : A Case of Kisii Level 5 Hospital. Am Int J Contemp Res. 2013;3(8):103–11.
Kemenkes RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No 72 Th. 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Rumah Sakit. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No 72 Tahun 2016. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2016. 4 p.
Ombaka E. Current status of medicines procurement. Am J Heal Pharm. 2009;66(5 Suppl. 3):20–8.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.47800

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 6435 | views : 13835

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia : JKKI

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia : JKKI [ISSN 2089 2624 (print); ISSN 2620 4703 (online)] is published by Center for Health Policy and Management (CHPM). This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Built on the Public Knowledge Project's OJS 2.4.8.1.
 Web
Analytics View My Stats