Prevalensi Rasio Pelayanan Kesehatan Maternal dan Ketersediaan Fasilitas Kesehatan di ERAJKN/KIS di Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Indonesia is one country that is feared to may not reach the MDG targets by 2015. According to WHO data, as many as 99 percent of maternal deaths due to labor problems or births occured in developing countries. The maternal mortality ratio in developing countries is the highest with 450 maternal deaths per 100 thousand live births compared to the ratio of maternal deaths in nine developed countries and 51 Commonwealth countries.

Methods: This study is a further analysis of Riskesdas in 2010, 2013 and Rifaskes in 2011 to assess the magnitude of the prevalence of maternal health ratio in relation to the availability of health facilities.

Results: Examination of the first trimester ANC services by doctors has a higher prevalence ratio approaching a value of one, and has statistically significant value compared to ANC by a midwife. A greater tendency prevalence of ANC first examination at the gestational age aging in rural area is observed, compared to the urban areas. Some did not even know the age of their pregnancy when they are getting their first ANC, as high as 10.7% in rural areas.

Conclusion: There should be a regional policy regarding the competence of midwives, and systematically involving professional organizations IBI, IDI on improving midwife practice. Empowering people in the village has not been working as expected, shown by the lack of knowledge about the importance of ANC with health workers.

Keywords: Midwives, MDGs, Accessibility Maternal of Health

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang dikhawatirkan tidak dapat mencapai target sasaran MDGs pada tahun 2015. Menurut data WHO, sebanyak 99 persen kematian ibu akibat masalah persalinan atau kelahiran terjadi di negara- negara berkembang. Rasio kematian ibu di negara-negara berkembang merupakan yang tertinggi dengan 450 kematian ibu per 100 ribu kelahiran bayi hidup jika dibandingkan dengan rasio kematian ibu di sembilan negara maju dan 51 negara persemakmuran.

Metode:Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut Riskesdas tahun 2010, 2013 dan Rifaskes tahun 2011 untuk mengkaji besaran prevalensi rasio kesehatan maternal terhadap ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan.

Hasil: Pemeriksaan ANC trimester 1 pelayanan oleh tenaga dokter lebih tinggi prevalensi rasio mendekati nilai satu dan mempunyai nilai yang bermakna secara statistik dibandingkan pelayanan ANC oleh bidan desa. Terlihat kecenderungan semakin besar prevalensi pemeriksaan ANC pertamakali pada umur kehamilan yang semakin tua di pedesaan dibandingkan perkotaan bahkan yang menjawab tidak tahu umur kehamilan saat ANC pertamakali pun di pedesaan 10,7%.

Kesimpulan: Perlu kebijakan daerah tentang kompetensi bidan secara konkrit, dan sistematis melibatkan organisasi profesi IBI, IDI tentang bidan layak praktek. Pemberdayaan masyarakat di desa belum berfungsi terbukti dengan rendahnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan ANC pada tenaga kesehatan.

Kata kunci: Bidan, MDGs, Aksesibilitas Kesehatan Maternal