Pijat dan Kompres untuk Mengatasi Masalah Menyusui pada Ibu Postpartum: Scoping Review

Ni Putu Gita Prastita; Margareta Melani; Ratu Tasya Dwiana Putri; Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani

doi:10.22146/jkesvo.98194

Pijat dan Kompres untuk Mengatasi Masalah Menyusui pada Ibu Postpartum: Scoping Review

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.98194

Ni Putu Gita Prastita^(1*), Margareta Melani⁽²⁾, Ratu Tasya Dwiana Putri⁽³⁾, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani⁽⁴⁾

(1) Magister Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjajaran
(2) Magister Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjajaran
(3) Magister Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjajaran
(4)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Menyusui merupakan aktivitas yang berjalan secara natural tetapi terkadang ibu menyusui mengalami keluhan yang menganggu proses menyusui. Masalah dalam menyusui seperti seperti kelelahan, nyeri, dan pembengkakan payudara; penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi non-farmakologi seperti kompres hangat, pijatan lembut, dan ekspresi payudara efektif meredakan gejala tersebut (Scime et al., 2023; Zakarija-Grkovic & Stewart, 2020).

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas terapi non-farmakologi, seperti pijat dan kompres, dalam mengatasi nyeri, pembengkakan, dan sumbatan ASI pada ibu postpartum.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review dengan literatur dari PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar, mencakup artikel lima tahun terakhir (2019-2024) dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, berjenis kuantitatif, dan full text. Sepuluh artikel (5 RCT, 5 quasi-eksperimental) memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan diteliti.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai teknik pijat payudara dan kompres, seperti lymphatic drainage, kinesio taping, dan kompres hangat, dan Aloe vera efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri, pembengkakan, dan sumbatan ASI pada ibu postpartum.

Kesimpulan: Pendekatan non-farmakologis (pijat & kompres) tidak hanya efektif tetapi juga aman dan dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan ibu menyusui tanpa risiko efek samping yang terkait dengan obat-obatan. Temuan ini mendukung penggunaan terapi non-farmakologi sebagai alternatif yang aman dan efektif untuk manajemen nyeri payudara pada ibu menyusui.

Kata kunci: Pijat, Kompres payudara, Masalah Menyusui, postpartum

ABSTRACT

Background: Breastfeeding is a natural activity, but nursing mothers sometimes experience issues that disrupt the process. Problems such as fatigue, pain, and breast engorgement can arise; research shows that non-pharmacological therapies like warm compresses, gentle massage, and breast expression effectively alleviate these symptoms (Scime et al., 2023; Zakarija-Grkovic & Stewart, 2020).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies, such as massage and compresses, in addressing pain, swelling, and milk duct obstruction in postpartum mothers. Methods: This study used a scoping review method, gathering literature from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, including articles from the past five years (2019-2024) in Indonesian or English, quantitative studies, and full text. Ten articles (5 RCTs, 5 quasi-experimental) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.

Results: The study found that various breast massage techniques and compresses, such as lymphatic drainage, kinesio taping, warm compresses, and Aloe vera, effectively reduced pain, swelling, and milk duct obstruction in postpartum mothers.

Conclusion:Non-pharmacological approaches (massage & compresses) are not only effective but also safe and can enhance the comfort of nursing mothers without the risk of side effects associated with medications. These findings support the use of non-pharmacological therapies as a safe and effective alternative for managing breast pain in nursing mothers.

Keywords: Massage, Breast Compress, Breastfeeding Problems, Postpartum

Keywords

pijat; kompres payudara; masalah menyusui; ibu menyusui

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.98194