Perbandingan kandungan iodium dalam urin antara sampel urin 24 jam dan on spot pada anak usia sekolah

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17865

Widya Ayu Kurnia Putri(1*), Dodik Briawan(2), Hidayat Syarif(3), Leily Amelia(4)

(1) Program Magister Gizi Masyarakat, Institut Pertanian Bogor
(2) Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia Institut Pertanian Bogor
(3) Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia Institut Pertanian Bogor
(4) Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia Institut Pertanian Bogor
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Urine Iodine Concentration (UIC) is the indicator to assess iodine status. UIC from 24-hour urine collection appropriate to used as a direct measure of the iodine status and helps to validate the estimates intake of iodine. 24-hours urine collection is not practical in large studies and epidemiological surveys because it is quite difficult to complete and accurate collection. WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD recommend the use of on spot urine collection.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare of 24-hour urine collection and spot urine collection for the assessment UIC in children.

Method: The cross-sectional study was applied in Bogor. UIC was measured in 24-hour urine and parallel collected three spot urine namely on spot 1 collected morning, on spot 2 collected afternoon, and on spot 3 collected evening, sample urine collected from 44 healthy children age 10-13 years. UIC of 24-hour urine and one spot urine analyzed in the laboratory GAKY FK UNDIP using acid digestion method.

Results: The average UIC from 24-hour urine collection was 179.77 ± 56.4 µg/l and UIC from on spot urine collection were on spot morning 145.30 ± 63.6 µg/l, on spot afternoon 159.95 ± 64.5 µg/l, and on spot evening 167.50 ± 66.1 µg/l. However, UIC correlation between UIC from on spot afternoon and UIC 24-hour (r = 0.456) with 66.67 % sensitivity and 75.61 % specificity.

Conclusion: UIC urine samples from lunch to dinner more accurately reflects the UIC 24 hours to categorize the iodine status of the population. UIC from spot urine samples collected on the afternoon can be used as an alternative to evaluate the iodine status of school-age children.


Keywords


on spot urine; UIC; urine iodine consentration; 24-hour urine

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Laporan hasil riset kesehatan dasar. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan, Republik Indonesia; 2013.
  2. Li M, McKelleher N, Moses T, Mark J, Karen B, Eastman CJ, et al. Iodine nutritional status of children on the island of Tanna, Republic of Vanuatu. Public Health Nutr 2009;12(9):1512-8.
  3. Gelal B, Aryal M, Lal Das BK, Bhatta B, Lamsal M, Baral N. Assessment of iodine nutrition status among school age children of Nepal by urinary iodine assay. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2009;40(3):538-43.
  4. Bhowal K, Mukherjee I, Chadhuri D. Association of iodine status with IQ level and academic achievement of rural primary school children in West Bengal, India. Indian J Comm Health Suppl 2014;26(S2):216-22.
  5. Demers LM, Spencer CA. Laboratory medicine practice guidelines: laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol 2003;58(2):138-40.
  6. Hurrell RF. Bioavailability of iodine. Eur J Nutr 1997;51:S9-12.
  7. Zimmermann MB, Jooste P, Pandav CS. Iodine deficiency disorders. Lancet 2008;372(9645):1251-62.
  8. Vejbjerg P, Knudsen N, Perrild H, Laurberg P, Andersen S, Jorgensen T, et al. Estimation of iodine intake from various urinary iodine measurements in population studies. Thyroid 2008;19(11):1281-6.
  9. World Health Organization. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination: a guide for programme managers, 3rd edition. Geneva (CH): WHO; 2007.
  10. Pino S, Fang SL, Braverman LE. Ammonium persulfate: a safe alternative oxidizing reagent for measuring urinary iodine. Clin Chem 1996;42(2):239-43.
  11. Andersen S, Waagepetersen R, Laurberg P. Misclassification of iodine intake lavel from morning spot urine samples with high iodine excretion among Inuit and non-Inuit in Greenland. Br J Nutr 2015;113(9):1433-40.
  12. Konig F, Andersson M, Hotz K, Aeberli I, Zimmermann MB. Ten repeat collections for urinary iodine from spot samples or 24-hour samples are needed to reliably estimate individual iodine status in women. J Nutr 2011;141(11):2049-54.
  13. Charlton KE, Batterham MJ, Buchanan LM, Mackerras D. Intraindividual variation in urinary iodine concentrations: effect of adjustment on population distribution using two and three repeated spot urine collections. BMJ open [series online] 2014 [cited 6 December 2016];4:1-5. Available from: URL: http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e003799.full
  14. Vanacor R, Soares R, Manica D, Furlanetto TW. Urinary iodine in 24 h is associated with natriuresis and Is better reflected by an afternoon sample. Ann Nutr 2008;53(1):43-9.
  15. Fu WH. Use of para aminobenzoic acid for validating 24 hour urine completeness in a sodium blood pressure population study [Thesis]. Hamilton (CA): McMaster University; 2014.
  16. Oenzil, F. Evaluasi dampak program yodisasi pada masyarakat rawan GAKY di Sumatra Barat. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro; 1996.
  17. Dunn JT, Crutchfield HE, Gutekunst R, Dunn AD. Two simple methods for measuring iodine in urine. Thyroid 1993;3(2):119-23.
  18. Andersen S, Pedersen KM, Pedersen IB, Laurberg P. Variations in urinary iodine excretion and thyroid function. a 1-year study in healthy men. Eur J Endocrinol 2001;144(5):461-5.
  19. Chen W, Wu Y, Lin L, Tan L, Shen J, Zang W, et al. 24-hours urine sample are more reproducible than spot urine sample for evaluation of iodine status in school-age children. J Nutr 2016;146(1):142-6.
  20. Als C, Minder C, Willems D, Van Thi HV, Gerber H, Bourdoux P. Quantification of urinary iodine: a need for revised thresholds. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57(9):1181-8.
  21. Rasmussen LB, Ovesen L, Christiansen E. Day-to-day and within-day variation in urinary iodine excretion. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999;53(5):401-7.
  22. Zimmermann MB, Andersson M. Assessment of iodine nutrition in populations: past, present, and future. Nutr Rev 2012;70(10):553-70.
  23. World Health Organization. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination: a guide for programme managers, 3rd edition. Geneva (CH): WHO; 2007.
  24. Bourdoux P. Evaluation of the iodine intake: problems of the iodine/creatinine ratio comparison with iodine excretion and daily fluctuations of iodine concentration. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1998;106(S3):S17-20.
  25. Vanacor R, Soares R, Manica D, Furlanetto TW. Urinary iodine in 24 h is associated with natriuresis and Is better reflected by an afternoon sample. Ann Nutr 2008;53:43-9.
  26. Frey HMM, Rosenlund B, Torgersen JP. Value of single urine specimens in estimation of 24 hour urine iodine content. Acta Endocrinol 1973;72:287-92.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17865

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 5277 | views : 8530

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats