Combining SRQ20 and PHQ9 for tackling mental problem in community

https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.43942

Hikmawati Nurokhmanti(1*), Fitriana Fitriana(2), Irwan Supriyanto(3)

(1) Department of Medical Education and Bioethics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Reseach and Development Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Mental health influences people’s productivity from individual-level to enterprise level. This important factor should be assessed and tackled by the primary care unit since healthy community is their ultimate goal. Sixty of two screening tools (self-rating questionnaire [SRQ20] and patient health questionnaire [PHQ9]) were randomly distributed by primary care unit through cadres at Kricak, Tegalrejo District to community which is attending the cadre launching. SRQ had an 83,33% response rate, whereas PHQ9 has only 41,7% response rate. By comparative distributive analysis, it was found that one person who fallen into moderately severe symptoms of depression in PHQ9 was had not fallen into the person who has mental problem based on SRQ20, and two persons who fall into the moderate symptom of depression in PHQ9 were had not fallen into person who has mental problem based on SRQ20. There was 20% inconsistency between the two tools of mental health assessment. Using two tools assessing mental health problem is fruitful since it will cover each other. This study proved that there could be divergent result from both questionnaires. A decision before continuity management care of depression should be taken carefully. There should be another step taken by primary care unit before they undergo management care for depression. 


Keywords


screening tools; mental problem; depression

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Holden L, Scuffham PA, Hilton MF, Ware RS, Vecchio N, Whiteford HA. Health-related productivity losses increase when the health condition is comorbid with psychological distress: finding from large cross-sectional sample of working Australia. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:417-431.
  2. Bloom DE, Cafiero ET, Jane-Llopis E, Abraham-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, et al. The global economic burden of non-communicable disease. 2011. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Available from: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Harvard_HE_GlobalEconomicBurdenNonCommunicableDiseases_2011.pdf
  3. Kelland, K., Mental Health Crisis could cost the world $ 16 trillion by 2030 (https://www.reuters.com). Health Care & Pharma, (updated October 10, 2018 cited 2020, December 14), available from: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-mental-global-idUSKCN1MJ2QN
  4. Reiss F. Socioeconomic inequalities and mental health problems in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med. 2013;90:24-31.
  5. Evans GW, Kantrowitz E, Socioeconomics status and health: The potential role of environmental risk exposure. Annu rev public health. 2002;23:303-331.
  6. Cutler DM, Lleras-Muney A, Vogl T. Socioeconomics status and health: dimension and mechanism. NBER Working paper series. 2008. JEL No II. [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w14333/w14333.pdf
  7. Miech RA, Terrie E, Moffitt AC, Wright BRE, Silva PA. Low socioeconomic status and mental disorders: A longitudinal study of selection and causation during young adulthood. Am J Sociol. 1999;104(4):1096-1131.
  8. Dressler WW, Balieiro MC, Dos Santos JE. Culture, socioeconomic status and physical, and mental health in Brazil. Med Anthropol. 1998;12(4):424-446.
  9. Turner RJ, Avison WR. Status variation in stress exposure: Implication for the implementation of research on race, socioeconomic status, and gender. J Health Soc Behav. 2003;44(4):488-503.
  10. Mosakowski KN. Dissecting the influence of race ethnicity and socialeconomics status on mental health in young adulthood. Res ageing. 2008;30(6):649-671.
  11. Mclaughlin KA, Costello J, Leblanc W, Sampson NA, Kessler RC. Socioeconomics status and adolescent mental disorder. Am J Public health. 2012;102(9):1742-1750.
  12. Miech RA, Shanahan MJ. Socioeconomic status and depression over the life course. J Health Soc Behav. 2000;41:162-176.
  13. Lewis G, Bebbington P, Brugha T, Farrell M, Gill B, Jenkis R, et al. Socioeconomics status, standard of living, and neurotics disorder. The Lancet. 1998;605-609.
  14. Pearlin LI, Schieman S, Fazio EM, Meersman SC. Stress, health, and the life course: some conceptual perspectives. J Health Soc Behav. 2005;46:205-219.
  15. Grazywicks JG, Almeida DM, Neuvart SD, Ettner S. Socioeconomic status and health: A micro-level analysis of exposure and vulnerability to daily stressors. J Health Soc Behav. 2004;45:1–16.
  16. Dressler WW, Balieiro MC, Dos Santos JE. Culture, socioeconomic status, and physical and mental health in brazil. Med Anthropol Q. 1998;12(4):424-44.
  17. Dohrenwend BP. Socioeconomic status (SES) and psychiatric disorder. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1990;25:41-47.
  18. Muntaner C, Eaton WW, Miech R, O’Campo P. Socioeconomics position and mental disorder. Epidemiology review, 2004, 26, pp. 53 - 62
  19. Beusenberg M, Orley JA. User Guide to The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), WHO,1994.
  20. Barreto do Carmo MB, dos Santos LM, Feitosa CA, Fiaccone RL, Silva NB, Santos DN, et.al. Screening for common mental disorder using the SRQ-20 in Brazil: what are the alternative strategies for analysis? Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2018;40(2):115–122.
  21. Netsereab TB, Kifle MM, Tesfagiorgis RB, Habteab SG, Weldeabzgi YK, Tesfamariam OZ. Validation of the WHO self-reporting questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) item in primary health care settings in Eritrea. Int. J. Ment. Health Syst. 2018;12:61.
  22. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:606-613.
  23. Hanlon C, Medhin G, Selamu M, Breuer E, Worku B, Hailemariam M, et al. Validity of brief screening questionnaires to detect depression in primary care in Ethiopia. J Affect Disord. 2015;186:32-9.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.43942

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2134 | views : 1663

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Community Empowerment for Health

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.