Effect of Well Resistance on Time Factor Ratio Due to PVD Deformation

https://doi.org/10.22146/jcef.64381

Galuh Chrismaningwang(1*), Hary Christady Hardiyatmo(2), Agus Darmawan Adi(3), Teuku Faisal Fathani(4)

(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada Universitas Sebelas Maret
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


One of the most common soft soil enhancement techniques used to expedite the consolidation time significantly is Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD). This technique needs a sufficient discharge capacity value because it primarily functions as a drainage channel. The deformation of PVD is considered as one of the primary factors which affect discharge capacity. Therefore, this research determined the influence of upper-side deformation on PVD's discharge capacity (qw) using a specific design apparatus known as ASTM D4716, which manages the determination of transmissivity and flow rate at the longitudinal direction of geosynthetics. Furthermore, two PVD samples with dimensions of 3 and 4 mm thickness, 100 mm width, and 1000 mm length were examined under straight and buckled conditions. Stepwise confining pressures from 50 to 200 kPa were subjected to the samples under hydraulic gradients with values of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0. The results showed that samples with greater thickness had higher discharge capacity, which significantly reduced in the lower hydraulic gradient. The deformation on the upper side of PVD induced a decrease of discharge capacity by approximately 13-16%, which led to a delay in the consolidation time. The discharge capacity values obtained from the experiments were employed as parameters in a time factor ratio of Th,w/Th. The analysis results show that the buckled PVD has a more considerable consolidation time due to the increase in the Th,w/Th ratio, with a discharge capacity value below 10-4 m3/s. It can be concluded that the deformation in the form of buckled conditions on the upper side of PVD had a considerable impact on PVD effectiveness.

Keywords


Consolidation, Discharge capacity; Geosynthetics; Soil improvement; Transmissivity; Preloading.

Full Text:

PDF


References

Ali, F.H., 1991. The Flow Behaviour of Deformed Prefabricated Vertical Drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 10, pp.235–248.

ASTM, 2001. ASTM D4716, Standard Test Method for Determining the (In-Plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of Geosynthetic Using A Constant Head. West Conshohocken, PA, USA: ASTM International.

Barron, R.A., 1948. Consolidation of Fine-Grained Soils by Drain Wells. Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 73(6), pp.811–836.

Bergado, D.T., Manivannan, R. and Balasubramaniam, A.S., 1996. Proposed criteria for discharge capacity of prefabricated vertical drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 14(9), pp.481–505.

Bo, M.W., 2004. Discharge capacity of prefabricated vertical drain and their field measurements. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 22(1–2), pp.37–48.

Bo, M.W., Arulrajah, A., Horpibulsuk, S., Chinkulkijniwat, A. and Leong, M., 2016. Laboratory measurements of factors affecting discharge capacity of prefabricated vertical drain materials. Soils and Foundations, [online] 56(1), pp.129–137. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2016.01.010.

Bourge`s-Gastaud, S., Blond, E. and Touze-Foltz, N., 2013. Multiscale transmissivity study of drain-tube planar geocomposites : effect of experimental device on test representativeness. Geosynthetics International, 20(3), pp.119–128.

Cai, Y., Qiao, H., Wang, J., Geng, X., Wang, P. and Cai, Y., 2017. Experimental tests on effect of deformed prefabricated vertical drains in dredged soil on consolidation via vacuum preloading. Engineering Geology, [online] 222, pp.10–19. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.03.020.

Cascone, E. and Biondi, G., 2013. A case study on soil settlements induced by preloading and vertical drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 38, pp.51–67. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2013.05.002.

Chai, J.-C., Miura, N., Sakajo, S. and Bergado, D., 1995. Behaviour of vertical drain improved subsoil under embankment loading. Soils and Foundations, 35, pp.49–61.

Chai, J., Miura, N. and Nomura, T., 2004. Effect of hydraulic radius on long-term drainage capacity of geosynthetics drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 22, pp.3–16.

Chrismaningwang, G., Hardiyatmo, H.C., Adi, A.D. and Fathani, T.F., 2020a. Laboratory Measurements of Discharge Capacity Under Incremental Confining Pressure of Geosynthetic Drains. International Review of Civil Engineering (I.RE.C.E.), 11(September), pp.222–228.

Chrismaningwang, G., Hardiyatmo, H.C., Adi, A.D. and Fathani, T.F., 2020b. The effect of incremental confining pressure on the hydraulic properties of PVD. International Journal of GEOMATE, 19(73), pp.41–48.

Chu, J., Bo, M.W. and Choa, V., 2004. Practical considerations for using vertical drains in soil improvement projects. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 22(1–2), pp.101–117.

Chung, S.G., Kweon, H.J. and Jang, W.Y., 2014. Observational method for field performance of prefabricated vertical drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 42(4), pp.405–416. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2014.06.005.

Hansbo, S., 1979. Consolidation of Clay By Band-Shaped Prefabricated Drains. Ground Engineering, 12(5), pp.16–18, 21.

Hansbo, S., 1997. Aspects of vertical drain design : Darcian or non-Darcian flow. Geotechnique, 47(5), pp.983–992.

Holtz, R.D., 1987. Preloading with prefabricated vertical strip drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 6(1–3), pp.109–131.

Holtz, R.D., Jamiolkowski, M.B., Lancellotta, R. and Pedroni, R., 1991. Prefabricated vertical drains : design and performance. London: CIRIA.

Indraratna, B. and Chu, J., 2005. Ground Improvement: Case Histories. London: Elsevier Ltd.

Jang, Y.S., Kim, B. and Lee, J.W., 2015. Evaluation of discharge capacity of geosynthetic drains for potential use in tunnels. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 43(3), pp.228–239. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2015.03.001.

Jeon, H., 2014. Short-Term Compressive Properties and Transmissivity of Geonets. Textile Science and Engineering, 51(2), pp.96–100.

Koerner, R.M., 2005. Designing with Geosynthetics. 5th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Mesri, G. and Lo, D.O.., 1991. Field performance of prefabricated vertical drains. In: Proceedings International Conference on Geotech Engineering for Coastal Development. Yokohama, pp.231–236.

Miura, N. and Chai, J.C., 2015. Discharge Capacity of Prefabricated Vertical Drains Confined in Clay. Geosynthetics International, [online] 7(2), pp.119–135. Available at: http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/gein.7.0169.

Da Silva, E.M., Justo, J.L., Durand, P., Justo, E. and Vázquez-Boza, M., 2017. The effect of geotextile reinforcement and prefabricated vertical drains on the stability and settlement of embankments. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 45(5), pp.447–461.

Tran-Nguyen, H.H., Edil, T.B. and Schneider, J.A., 2010. Effect of deformation of prefabricated vertical drains on discharge capacity. Geosynthetics International, 17(6), pp.431–442.

Tripathi, K.K. and Nagesha, M.S., 2010. Discharge capacity requirement of prefabricated vertical drains. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 28(1), pp.128–132. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2009.09.004.

Yarahmadi, N., Gratchev, I. and Jeng, D., 2017. The effect of thickness reduction on the hydraulic transmissivity of geonet drains using rigid and non-rigid fl ow boundaries. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 45(2), pp.48–57. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2016.11.006.

Zhang, Z., Ye, G. and Xu, Y., 2018. Comparative analysis on performance of vertical drain improved clay deposit under vacuum or surcharge loading. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, [online] 46(2), pp.146–154. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2017.11.002.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcef.64381

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2725 | views : 1788

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s)

The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
ISSN 5249-5925 (online) | ISSN 2581-1037 (print)
Jl. Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta 55281
Email : jcef.ft@ugm.ac.id
Web Analytics JCEF Stats