Tanggap Pertumbuhan dan Pengakumulasian Metabolit Sekunder pada Tumbuhan Heliofitik Karamunting ( Rhodomyrtus tomentosa ) terhadap Paparan Ultraviolet

Muhammad Idris; Shintiya Rahmadhani Putri; Suwirmen Suwirmen

doi:10.22146/veg.99127

Tanggap Pertumbuhan dan Pengakumulasian Metabolit Sekunder pada Tumbuhan Heliofitik Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) terhadap Paparan Ultraviolet

https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.99127

Muhammad Idris^(1*), Shintiya Rahmadhani Putri⁽²⁾, Suwirmen Suwirmen⁽³⁾

(1) Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas
(2) Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas
(3) Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Cahaya matahari mengandung sinar ultraviolet (UV) yang dapat menembus lapisan ozon, UV-A dan sebagian kecil UV-B, yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Tumbuhan di daerah tropis umumnya terpapar intensitas cahaya tinggi, termasuk UV. Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) merupakan tumbuhan heliofit yang diperkirakan telah adaptif terhadap paparan UV. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk melihat pengaruh paparan UV dilingkungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan akumulasi metabolit sekunder pada anakan karamunting. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kampus Universitas Andalas, Padang pada ketinggian sekitar 255 mdpl selama dua bulan (April-Juni, 2022). Metode eksperimental digunakan untuk menganalisis perbandingan respon antara anakan karamunting tidak terpapar dan terpapar UV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya perbedaan signifikan (uji t-test, p < 0,05) antara tumbuhan tidak terpapar dengan terpapar UV pada parameter pertambahan tinggi, jumlah daun, luas daun dan kandungan klorofil. Hasil analisis regresi terhadap tinggi anakan dan pertambahan tinggi selama perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa usia anakan yang digunakan sebagai sampel mempengaruhi respon terhadap paparan UV. Hasil analisis metabolit sekunder memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kandungan antosianin yang signifikan pada anakan karamunting yang terpapar UV namun tidak untuk kandungan flavonoid. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pertumbuhan anakan karamunting secara umum tidak terpengaruh oleh paparan UV.

Keywords

antosianin; flavonoid; heliofit; pertumbuhan; ultraviolet (UV)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.99127