* Corresponding Author
Mapping the Impact: Property Crime Trends in Kuching, Sarawak, During and After the COVID-19 Period (2020-2022)
https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.90057 Azizul Ahmad(1), Muhammad Haziq Kelana(2), Ryoji Soda(3), Norita Jubit(4), Asykal Syakinah Mohd Ali(5), Luqman Haqim Bismelah(6), Tarmiji Masron(7*)
(1) Centre for Spatially Integrated Digital Humanities (CSIDH), Faculty Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA.
(2) Centre for Spatially Integrated Digital Humanities (CSIDH), Faculty Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA.
(3) Graduate School of Literature and Human Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 5588585, JAPAN.
(4) Borneo Institute for Indigenous Studies (BorIIS), Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.
(5) Centre for Spatially Integrated Digital Humanities (CSIDH), Faculty Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA.
(6) Centre for Spatially Integrated Digital Humanities (CSIDH), Faculty Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA.
(7) Centre for Spatially Integrated Digital Humanities (CSIDH), Faculty Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA.
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullah, D. A., Masron, T., Zaini, F., & Jubit, N. (2021). Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) dalam Pemetaan Jenayah di Miri, Sarawak. https://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/35938/
Abrams, D. S. (2021, March 30). Crime in the Time of COVID. Crime and Criminal Justice, Econofact. https://econofact.org/crime-in-the-time-of-covid
Ahmad, A. (2015). Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Geografi dalam Pengurusan Data Tapak Arkeologi. In T. Masron & M. Saidin (Eds.), Teknologi Maklumat Ruangan Dalam Arkeologi. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Ahmad, A., & Masron, T. (2013). Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) dalam Menganggar Keluasan Petempatan Awal di Tapak Arkeologi Lembah Lenggong, Hulu Perak, Perak, Malaysia. Jurnal Perspektif: Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Kemanusiaan, 5(1), 19–38. https://myjurnal.mohe.gov.my/public/article-view.php?id=78703
Ahmad, A., Masron, T., Jubit, N., Redzuan, M. S., Soda, R., Bismelah, L. H., & Mohd Ali, A. S. (2024b). Analysis of the Movement Distribution Pattern of Violence Crime in Malaysia’s Capital Region-Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya. International Journal of Geoinformatics, 20(2), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.52939/ijg.v20i2.3061
Ahmad, A., Masron, T., Osman, M. A., Mohammed, B., & Marzuki, A. (2011). Initial Studies on Web Based Tourism Decision Support System (WBTDSS) Case Study: Langkawi Island, Kedah. In Azizi Bahuddin (Ed.), Proceedings of 2nd Regional Conference on Tourism Research: Venturing into New Tourism Research (pp. 344–359). Sustainable Tourism Research Cluster (STRC), Universiti Sains Malaysia. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Initial-studies-on-web-based-tourism-decision-case-Ahmad-Masron/ed8ee1cdad4caf130964be266ebc6453a50529fe
Ahmad, A., Masron, T., Ringkai, E., Barawi, M. H., Salleh, M. S., Jubit, N., & Redzuan, M. S. (2024c). Analisis Ruangan Hot Spot Jenayah Pecah Rumah di Negeri Selangor, Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya pada tahun 2015-2020. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 20(1), 49–67. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2024-2001-04
Ahmad, A., Masron, T., & Saidin, M. (2015). Aplikasi Sistem Maklumat Geografi Untuk Menganggar Keluasan Petempatan Awal Tapak Arkeologi Lembah Lenggong, Hulu Perak, Perak. In T. Masron & M. Saidin (Eds.), Teknologi Maklumat Ruangan Dalam Arkeologi. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Ahmad, A., Mohd Ayob, N., & Abdul Majid, A. (2013). Regional Carrying Capacity (RCC) Issues Langkawi Islands, Kedah. In B. Mohamed & A. Bahauddin (Eds.), Proceedings of International Conference on Tourism Development: Building the Future of Tourism, Penang, Malaysia, 4 & 5 February 2013 (p. 487). Sustainable Tourism Research Cluster, Universiti Sains Malaysia. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329084336_Regional_Carrying_Capacity_RCC_Issues_Langkawi_Islands_Kedah
Ahmad, A., Said, M. Z., Masron, T., Ariffin, N. A., Zakaria, Y. S., Ardiansyah, A., Jamru, L. R., Talib, N. K., Idris, N. R. A., Abd. Rahman, N., Bismelah, L. H., Mohd Ali, A. S., Wis, B. A., & Musa, N. (2024a). Faktor Kesukaran dalam Proses Memodelkan Sebuah Tapak Arkeologi Menerusi Pendekatan Geospatial. E-Bangi: Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 21(1), 492–501. https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2024.2101.42
An, R., & Liu, J. (2012). Local Labor Market Fluctuations and Physical Activity among Adults in the United States, 1990–2009. International Scholarly Research Notices-Public Health, 2012, 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/318610
Andresen, M. A., & Hodgkinson, T. (2020). Somehow I Always End Up Alone: COVID-19, Social Isolation and Crime in Queensland, Australia. Crime Science, 9(25). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00135-4
ArcGIS Pro 3.1. (2022). How Create Fishnet Works. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc (ESRI). https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/data-management/how-create-fishnet-works.htm
Ariffin, N. A., Wan Ibrahim, W. M. M., Rainis, R., Samat, N., Mohd Nasir, M. I., Abdul Rashid, S. M. R., Ahmad, A., & Zakaria, Y. S. (2024). Identification of Trends, Direction of Distribution and Spatial Pattern of Tuberculosis Disease (2015-2017) in Penang. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 20(1), 68–84. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2024-2001-05
Basiron, N. F. Z., Ahmad, A., & Masron, T. (2014). Spatial Analysis of International Tourist Movement to Langkawi for 2010 and 2011. 4th International Conference on Tourism Research (4ICTR), SHS Web of Conferences, 12(01066). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20141201066
Borg, A., & Svensson, M. (2022). All Burglaries Are Not the Same: Predicting Near-Repeat Burglaries in Cities Using Modus Operandi. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11030160
Braga, A., Papachristos, A., & Hureau, D. (2012). Hot Spots Policing Effects on Crime. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 8(1), 1–96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2012.8
Campedelli, G. M., Aziani, A., & Favarin, S. (2021). Exploring the Immediate Effects of COVID-19 Containment Policies on Crime: an Empirical Analysis of the Short-Term Aftermath in Los Angeles. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 46(5), 704–727. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09578-6
Campedelli, G. M., Favarin, S., Aziani, A., & Piquero, A. R. (2020). Disentangling Community-Level Changes in Crime Trends During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chicago. Crime Science, 9(21). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00131-8
Chai, S. S., Wong, W. K., & Goh, K. L. (2016). Backpropagation Vs Radial Basis Function Neural Model: Rainfall Intensity Classification for Flood Prediction Using Meteorology Data. Journal of Computer Science, 12(4), 191–200. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2016.191.200
Chen, T., Bowers, K., Zhu, D., Gao, X., & Cheng, T. (2022). Spatio-Temporal Stratified Associations Between Urban Human Activities and Crime Patterns: A Case Study In San Francisco Around The COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Mandate. Computational Urban Science, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00041-2
Cheng, B., Chen, L., & Yang, B. (2023). Qualitative Exploration and Correction Strategies of the Criminal Psychological Mechanism of the Burglars. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 25(4), 595–611. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32604/ijmhp.2023.027321
Dewinter, M., Vandeviver, C., Dau, P. M., Vander Beken, T., & Witlox, F. (2021). The Impact of Strict Measures as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic on The Spatial Pattern of the Demand for Police: Case Study Antwerp (Belgium). Crime Science, 10(20). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00156-7
Du, F., Liu, L., Jiang, C., Long, D., & Lan, M. (2019). Discerning the Effects of Rural to Urban Migrants on Burglaries in ZG City with Structural Equation Modeling. Sustainability (Switzerland)-Sustainability in Geographic Science, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030561
ESRI. (2022). How Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) Works. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI). https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/spatial-statistics/h-how-hot-spot-analysis-getis-ord-gi-spatial-stati.htm#:~:text=The%20Hot%20Spot%20Analysis%20tool,the%20context%20of%20neighboring%20features.
ESRI Canada Education and Research. (2021). GIS for Crime Analysis-Career Path Series. ESRI Canada. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/44709a4de7ac46ebb6b862ddf016722a
Gerell, M., Kardell, J., & Kindgren, J. (2020). Minor COVID-19 Association with Crime in Sweden. Crime Science, 9(19). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00128-3
Gill, C., Weisburd, D., Telep, C., Vitter, Z., & Bennett, T. (2017). Protocol: Community-Oriented Policing to Reduce Crime, Disorder, and Fear and Improve Legitimacy and Satisfaction with Police: A Systematic Review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 13(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/CL2.174
Halford, E., Dixon, A., Farrell, G., Malleson, N., & Tilley, N. (2020). Crime and Coronavirus: Social Distancing, Lockdown, and the Mobility Elasticity of Crime. Crime Science, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00121-w
Hunter, J., Ward, B., Tseloni, A., & Pease, K. (2021). Where Should Police Forces Target Their Residential Burglary Reduction Efforts? Using Official Victimisation Data to Predict Burglary Incidences at the Neighbourhood Level. Crime Science, 10(11). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00144-x
Ibrahim, S., & Abd Rahman, I. H. (2021). Pandemik COVID-19: Kesan Terhadap Kadar Indeks Jenayah Di Malaysia. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication (IJLGC), 6(25), 114–134. https://doi.org/10.35631/IJLGC.625010
Inlow, A. R. (2021). A Comprehensive Review of Quantitative Research on Crime, the Built Environment, Land Use, and Physical Geography. Sociology Compass, 15(7), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12889
Jagun, Z. T., Nyakuma, B. B., Daud, D., & Samsudin, S. (2022). Property Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Outlook in Malaysia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research (Springer Nature - PMC COVID-19 Collection), 29(57), 85717–85726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18378-2
Jerome, B. (2020). Criminal Investigation and Criminal Intelligence: Example of Adaptation in the Prevention and Repression of Cybercrime. Risks (This Article Belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Risk and Security), 8(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/risks8030099
Jiang, X., Zheng, Z., Zheng, Y., & Mao, Z. (2023). Spatiotemporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of Theft during the Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Periods: A Case Study of Haining City, Zhejiang, China. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (This Article Belongs to the Collection Spatial Components of COVID-19 Pandemic), 12(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12050189
Johnson, N. J., & Roman, C. G. (2022). Community Correlates of Change: A Mixed-Effects Assessment of Shooting Dynamics During COVID-19. PLoS ONE, 17(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263777
Jubit, N., & Masron, T. (2022). Geographic Information System for Crime Mapping: A Case Study of Property Crime in Kuching, Sarawak. Journal of Asian Geography, 1(1), 25–33. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Jubit, N., Masron, T., & Jamian, M. A. H. (2022). Permodelan Jenayah Harta Benda & Kebimbangan tentang Jenayah di Bandar Raya Kuching, Sarawak. UNIMAS Publisher.
Jubit, N., Masron, T., & Marzuki, A. (2020a). Analyzing The Spatial Temporal of Property Crime Hot Spots. A Case Study of Kuching, Sarawak. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 18(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i14.813
Jubit, N., Masron, T., & Marzuki, A. (2020b). Spatial Pattern of Residential Burglary. The Case Study: Kuching, Sarawak. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 18(3), 190–201. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i13.785
Jubit, N., Masron, T., & Marzuki, A. (2021). Application of Kernel Density Estimation to Identify Motorcycle Theft Hot Spots in Kuching, Sarawak. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 19(5), 148–159. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v19i19.1067
Jubit, N., Masron, T., Nordin, M. N., & Chabo, D. (2019). Aplikasi GIS dalam mengenal pasti Kawasan Hot Spot Jenayah Harta Benda di Kuching, Sarawak. Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 15(4), 30–49. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2019-1504-03
Jubit, N., Masron, T., Nordin, M. N., Jamian, M. A. H., & Yusuf, A. (2021). Spatial Analysis of Vehicle Theft in Kuching, Sarawak. Malaysian Journal of Tropical Geography, 47(1), 46–66. https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/MJTG/article/view/35190
Jubit, N., Masron, T., Puyok, A., & Ahmad, A. (2023b). Geographic Distribution of Voter Turnout, Ethnic Turnout and Vote Choices in Johor State Election. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 19(4), 64–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2023-1904-05
Jubit, N., Masron, T., & Redzuan, M. S. (2023a). High Risk Areas of Snatch Theft in Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, and Selangor, Malaysia. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 19(4), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2023-1904-02
Jubit, N., Redzuan, M. S., Ahmad, A., Salleh, M. S., & Masron, T. (2022). Tren Jenayah Harta Benda di Malaysia: Kajian di Selangor dan Kuala Lumpur. Geografi, 10(2), 35–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37134/geografi.vol10.2.3.2022
Keng, Z. Y., Saw, Y. M., Thung, S. C., Chong, W. W., Albert, A., Kariya, T., Yamamoto, E., & Hamajima, N. (2021). Rate of Achievement of Therapeutic Outcomes and Factors Associated with Control of Non-Communicable Diseases in Rural East Malaysia: Implications for Policy and Practice. Scientific Reports, 11(3812). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83168-2
Kuok, K. K., Mersal, M. E., Chiu, P. C., Chin, M. Y., Rahman, Md. R., & Bakri, M. K. (2022). Climate Change Impacts on Sea Level Rise to Flood Depth and Extent of Sarawak River. Frontiers in Water, 4. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.870936
Lai S. H, Darrien M. Y. S, Frederik J. P, & Salim S. (2008). Ecological Sanitation, Sustainable Strategy as An Alternative Urban Water Source. International Conference on Environment ICENV, 1–10. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ecological-Sanitation%2C-Sustainable-Strategy-as-an-Hin-Mah/d326f0219e8b65147185d3eb4368351a59620c83
Laws of Malaysia. (2018). Laws of Malaysia Online. Version of Updated Text of Reprint. Act 574 Penal Code as at 1 February 2018. extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/61339/117909/F1085941047/MYS61339%202015.pdf
Liu, L., Chang, J., Long, D., & Liu, H. (2022). Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Violent Crime. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315525
Marzuki, A., Bagheri, M., Ahmad, A., Masron, T., & Akhir, M. F. (2023). Establishing a GIS-SMCDA Model of Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development in Pahang, Malaysia. Episodes: Journal of International Geoscience, 46(3), 375–387. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2022/022037
Masron, T., Marzuki, A., Yaakub, N. F., Nordin, M. N., & Jubit, N. (2021). Spatial Analysis of Crime Hot-Spot in the Northeast Penang Island District and Kuching District, Malaysia. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 19(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v19i19.1057
Miyar, J. R. B. de la, Hoehn-Velasco, L., & Silverio-Murillo, A. (2021). The U-Shaped Crime Recovery During COVID-19: Evidence from National Crime Rates in Mexico. Crime Science, 10(14). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00147-8
Mohd Ayob, N., Ahmad, A., & Mohamed, B. (2013). Spatial Distributions of Tourist in Langkawi Island. Proceedings of International Conference on Tourism Development, 301–309. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Spatial-distributions-of-tourist-in-Langkawi-Ayob-Ahmad/e8063d2ba8ad3d20d02af9a82be22069c56c11ed
Mohd Ayob, N., Masron, T., & Ahmad, A. (2014). Taburan Ciri-Ciri Sosio-Demografi Pelancong Domestik mengikut lokasi di Pulau Langkawi. International Journal of Environment, Society and Space, 2(2), 35–49. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330132773_Taburan_Ciri-Ciri_Sosio-Demografi_Pelancong_Domestik_Mengikut_Lokasi_di_Pulau_Langkawi
Muhamad Azman, H. I., Tingga, R. C. T., & Adrus, M. (2021). Species Diversity of Non-Volant Small Mammals Between Lowland and Highland of Gunung Serapi, Kubah National Park, Sarawak. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 11(2), 110–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.3058.2021
Muhamad Ludin, A. N., Abd. Aziz, N., Hj Yusoff, N., & Wan Abd Razak, W. J. (2013). Impacts of Urban Land Use on Crime Patterns Through GIS Application. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners (Special Issue 2: 2013, Geospatial Analysis in Urban Planning), 11(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v11i2.113
Murukesu, R. R., Singh, D. K. A., Shahar, S., & Subramaniam, P. (2021). Physical Activity Patterns, Psychosocial Well-Being and Coping Strategies Among Older Persons with Cognitive Frailty of the “WE-RISE” Trial Throughout the COVID-19 Movement Control Order. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 16, 415–429. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S290851
Nivette, A. E., Zahnow, R., Aguilar, R., Ahven, A., Amram, S., Ariel, B., Burbano, M. J. A., Astolfi, R., Baier, D., Bark, H. M., Beijers, J. E. H., Bergman, M., Breetzke, G., Concha-Eastman, I. A., Curtis-Ham, S., Davenport, R., Díaz, C., Fleitas, D., Gerell, M., … Eisner, M. P. (2021). A Global Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Restrictions on Crime. Nature Human Behaviour, 5, 868–877. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01139-z
Nordin, M. N., Masron, T., Jubit, N., & Yunos, N. (2022). The Spatial Relationship Between Drug Abuse and Home Burglaries: Northeast District of Penang. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 5(7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V5-i7-11
Nordin, M. N., Masron, T., Yunos, N. E., & Jubit, N. (2020). Spatial Hotspot Patterns of a Home Burglary in Penang. Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 16(2), 29–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2020-1602-03
Omoregie, A. I., Senian, N., Li, P. Y., Hei, N. L., Leong, D. O. E., Ginjom, I. R. H., & Nissom, P. M. (2016). Screening for Urease-Producing Bacteria from Limestone Caves of Sarawak. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 6(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.213.2016
Omorinoye, O. A., Assim, Z., & Jusoh, I. (2021). Geomorphological and Sedimentological Features of River Sadong, Sarawak, Malaysia. Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, 8(1), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.17014/ijog.8.1.119-130
Onyeneke, C. C., & Karam, A. H. (2022). An Exploratory Study of Crime: Examining Lived Experiences of Crime through Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Physical Characteristics. Urban Science-Special Issue Sustainable Transformation in the Global South: Context-Driven Urban Design, Livelihoods and Development Challenges, 6(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6030043
Ortiz-Prado, E., Andrade, F., Vasconez, E., Escobar-Espinosa, C., Vallejo-Janeta, A. P., Freire-Paspuel, B., Coronel, B., Galvis, H., Morales-Jadan, D., Rivera-Olivero, I. A., Lozada, T., Henriquez-Trujillo, A. R., Garcia-Bereguiain, M. A., & the UDLA-COVID-19 Team. (2022). High SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates Among Special Forces Police Units During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ecuador. Frontiers in Medicine, 8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.735821
Paramasivan, K., Subburaj, R., Jaiswal, S., & Sudarsanam, N. (2022). Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Mobility on Property Crimes During the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01393-0
Payne, J. L., Morgan, A., & Piquero, A. R. (2021). Exploring Regional Variability in the Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Property Crime in Queensland, Australia. Crime Science, 10(7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00136-3
Rahman, M. M., Marzo, R. R., Chowdhury, S., Qalati, S. A., Hasan, M. N., Paul, G. K., Abid, K., Sheferaw, W. E., Mariadass, A., Chandran, D., Kanan, S., Firdaus, A. U. S. B. A., Sabarin, F. A. Z. binti, & Lin, Y. (2022). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Toward Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) in Southeast and South Asia: A Mixed Study Design Approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.875727
Ristea, A., & Leitner, M. (2020). Urban Crime Mapping and Analysis using GIS. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(9), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090511
Roach, J., & Pease, K. (2011). Evolution and the Prevention of Violent Crime. Psychology, 2(4), 393–404. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2011.24062
Sallaberry, J. D., Martínez-Conesa, I., & Flach, L. (2022). Whistleblowing in Small and Large Accounting Firms in Brazil. Small Business International Review, 6(2), e502. https://doi.org/10.26784/sbir.v6i2.502
Sarawak Department of Statistics. (2015). Sarawak Statistics Yearbook. http://www.malaysiaeconomy.net/download/18072016_2.html
Sun, Y., Huang, Y., Yuan, K., Chan, T. O., & Wang, Y. (2021). Spatial Patterns of COVID-19 Incidence in Relation to Crime Rate Across London. ISPRS-International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020053
Tang, C. F. (2010). The Effects of Macroeconomic Evils on Property and Violent Crimes in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Society, 11(2), 35–50. https://www.proquest.com/docview/863651130
Teo, C., Kim, C., Nielsen, A., Young, T., O’Campo, P., & Chum, A. (2021). Did the UK COVID-19 Lockdown Modify the Influence of Neighbourhood Disorder on Psychological Distress? Evidence from a Prospective Cohort Study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.702807
Thayaparan, S., Robertson, I. D., & Abdullah, M. T. (2015). Serological and Molecular Detection of Leptospira Spp. from Small Wild Mammals Captured in Sarawak, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 11(1), 93–101. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21161/mjm.67514
The World Bank. (2018). Annual Report. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/630671538158537244/pdf/The-World-Bank-Annual-Report-2018.pdf
UNODC. (2020). Research Brief: Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Restrictions on Homicide and Property Crime. https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/covid/Property_Crime_Brief_2020.pdf
Wan Azman, W. N. S., Mazlan, N., Bernard, H., Silang, S., Zaini, M. K., & Khan, F. A. A. (2022). Diet Analysis of Sympatric Colobine Monkeys from Bako National Park, Sarawak, Borneo. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 12(1), 157–165. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.4418.2022
Weisburd, D., & Telep, C. W. (2014). Hot Spots Policing: What We Know and What We Need to Know. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 30(2), 200–220. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1043986214525083
Yesufu, S. (2021). The Socio-Economic Impact of The Covid-19: A South African Perspective on Its Impact on The Socio-Economic, Inequality, Security, and Food Systems. ScienceRise, 4, 68–79. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.002036
Zainol, F. A., Wan Daud, W. N., Abdullah, Z., & Yaacob, M. R. (2014). Overcoming Poverty through Social Entrepreneurship: A Conceptual Paper. International Business Research, 7(7). https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v7n7p183
Zakaria, S. M., Abdullah, N., Md Akhir, N., Amin, A. S., Mohd Shukry, A. N. A., Abdul Rashid, M. R., & Wan Yusof, W. N. (2022). Perceptions of Quality of Life during the Pandemic: A Case Study on B40 Single Mothers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912219
Zakaria, Y. S., Ahmad, A., Said, M. Z., Epa, A. E., Ariffin, N. A., M Muslim, A., Akhir, M. F., & Hussin, R. (2023). GIS and Oil Spill Tracking Model in Forecasting Potential Oil Spill-Affected Areas Along Terengganu and Pahang Coastal Area. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, 21(4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i28.1330
Zhang, X., & Chen, P. (2023). The Impact of Urban Facilities on Crime during the Pre- and Pandemic Periods: A Practical Study in Beijing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032163 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.90057
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3683
| 
views : 423
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Azizul Ahmad, Muhammad Haziq Kelana, Norita Jubit, Asykal Syakinah Mohd Ali, Luqman Haqim Bismelah, Tarmiji Masron
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)
ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)