Rezim Para Penyangkal: Pengaruh Kelompok Penyangkal Perubahan Iklim terhadap Kebijakan Politik Amerika Serikat di Bidang Lingkungan
Kenny Setya Abdiel(1*), Muhammad Respati Harun(2)
(1) Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Menurut Peter Hough, permasalahan lingkungan hidup adalah salah satu isu yang harus disekuritisasi. Sekuritisasi adalah proses menjadikan suatu isu menjadi isu yang harus dipandang sebagai suatu ancaman terhadap eksistensi. Ia tidak dapat lagi dipandang sebagai bagian yang terpisah dari manusia karena terjadi hubungan saling memengaruhi di antara keduanya. Namun, upaya sekuritisasi tersebut terhambat karena munculnya kelompok-kelompok yang menyangkal adanya perubahan iklim. Kelompok tersebut muncul di sejumlah negara, salah satunya adalah Amerika Serikat (AS). Menurut Jean-Daniel Collomb, besarnya pengaruh yang dimiliki kelompok penyangkal dapat memengaruhi pembentukan kebijakan dalam dan luar negeri AS. Dalam artikel ini, kami akan mendedah bagaimana kelompok penyangkal perubahan iklim dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan politik dalam dan luar negeri AS, terutama di bidang lingkungan. Dari sana, kami akan menjelaskan bagaimana AS di bawah Donald Trump menjadi sangat kontradiktif dengan apa yang dilakukan pada rezim Barack Obama. Tidak sedikit kebijakan Trump yang memengaruhi upaya sekuritisasi lingkungan, apalagi ketika mengingat AS merupakan salah satu negara penyumbang gas karbon terbesar. Salah satu contoh terkini yang menggambarkan hal tersebut adalah keluarnya AS dari Perjanjian Paris.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/balairung.v1i1.34900
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