Philology and The Great Islamic Civilization: from Judeo-Arabic to The Arabicized Greek Works
Abstract
Artikel ini membahas tentang kekhasan sains Islam yang menjadi penanda identitas kemunculan peradaban Islam yang dimulai sejak era kenabian hingga era kekhalifahan Mughal di India dan kekhalifahan bani Umayyah di Andalusia. Peradaban Islam sebenarnya terkait dengan semangat ‘Sanskrit cosmopolis’ yang teksnya ternyata telah migrasi ke kawasan Arabia sejak era pra-Islam hingga mapannya sains Islam di India pada masa dinasti Mughal di India. Elemen-elemen teks Weda berbahasa Sansekerta dan karya-karya bertradisi Yunani telah mengalami revitalisasi dan memperkaya tradisi keilmuan Islam. Aksara Judeo-Arab yang menjadi penanda tradisi Rabbinik sebenarnya tidak dapat dilepaskan dari kontak budaya yang intens dalam ranah keagamaan antara keyahudian dan keislaman yang dimulai sejak era kenabian. Pemanfaatan teori yang digagas oleh Sheldon Pollock dalam tulisan ini memang sangat relevan, terutama terkait ‘Sanskrit cosmopolis.’ Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi pustaka yang relevan dengan kajian manuskrip berbasis bahasa Sansekerta, Ibrani dan Yunani, dan Arab, dan teks-teks yang telah mengalami proses arabisasi dianalisis sesuai kaidah kajian filologis.
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