Pemodelan Terrain Digital dan Pemetaan Arah Aliran Air Permukaan pada Kawasan Hutan Mangrove menggunakan Data Point Cloud Lidar

Abstrak

Excessive exploitation and land use changes have damaged and depleted mangrove forests in Indonesia. To support mangrove forest planning and management, digital terrain modeling and surface water flow mapping are essential. These activities take place in the coastal region of Kinabuhutan Village, North Sulawesi Province, and involve the utilization of LiDAR point cloud data, aerial orthophotos, and terrestrial measurement coordinates. The digital terrain model is created by processing ground-classified LiDAR point cloud data using the Binning method. Hydro-topographic editing, including hydro-conditioning, hydro-enforcement, and hydro-flattening, is performed to improve the representation of water bodies in the model. After editing, the accuracy of the digital terrain model is tested using terrestrial measurement coordinates. The model that meets the accuracy requirements is then used as input for determining surface water flow directions using the D8 algorithm, suitable for areas with relatively simple and non-complex topography. These activities successfully classify the LiDAR point cloud data into ground and non-ground classes. The resulting digital terrain model achieves vertical accuracy within Class 1 of a 1:5000 scale map, with a 90% confidence level. The hydrological analysis produces a surface water flow direction map, providing comprehensive information about the direction and order of water flow. This information enhances understanding of the hydro-topographic conditions in the mapped area.