Comparison of matrix metalloproteinase-13 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels and alveolar bone density in chronic periodontitis before and after scaling and root planning

Aini Hariyani Nasution; Lidya Irani Nainggolan; Widianto Meydhyono

doi:10.22146/majkedgiind.66221

Comparison of matrix metalloproteinase-13 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels and alveolar bone density in chronic periodontitis before and after scaling and root planning

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.66221

Aini Hariyani Nasution^(1*), Lidya Irani Nainggolan⁽²⁾, Widianto Meydhyono⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Periodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra
(2) Department of Dental Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra
(3) Periodontics Specialty Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Periodontitis is typically associated with disorders characterized by compromised tooth-supporting tissue. Damage to periodontal tissue is caused by an imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. Decreased tissue inhibitor and elevated matrix metalloproteinase levels result in collagen connective tissue and bone degradation. Several studies have shown that high levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and low levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) are also found in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva of patients with periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of MMP-13 levels, TIMP-1 levels of saliva and bone density in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after scaling and root planning (SRP). The study samples were selected from patients who came for treatment at the Periodontics Installation of Universitas Sumatera Utara. A total of 16 patients were selected (n = 16) with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. The result showed that salivary MMP-13 levels in chronic periodontitis patients before SRP were higher than salivary MMP-13 levels after SRP and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). It was also revealed that salivary TIMP-1 levels and alveolar bone density in chronic periodontitis patients before SRP were lower than that after SRP and the difference was statistically
significant (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between clinical parameters and salivary MMP-13 levels in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after SRP, but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). There was a negative correlation between clinical parameters and salivary TIMP-1 levels in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after SRP, but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Keywords

alveolar bone density; chronic periodontitis; MMP-13; saliva; TIMP-1

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Segura AIV, Ilyina A, Ceniceros EPS, Belmares YS, Gozales LM. Etiology and microbiology of
periodontal disease: a review. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2015; 9(48): 2300-
2306. doi: 10.5897/AJMR2015.7609

2. Franco C, Patricia HR, Timo S, Claudia B, Marcela H. Matrix Metalloproteinases as
regulators of periodontal inflammation. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18(2): 440.
doi: 10.3390/ijms18020440

3. Taylor JJ. Protein biomarkers of periodontitis in saliva. ISRN Inflamm. 2014; 2014: 1-18.
doi: 10.1155/2014/593151

4. Fenol A, Peter MR, Perayil J, Vyloppillil R, Bhaskar A. Comparison of saliva TIMP-1
levels in periodontally involved and healthy controls and the response to nonsurgical
periodontal therapy. Int J Chronic Dis. 2014; 2014: 1-7. doi: 10.1155/2014/363581

5. Virtanen E, Yakob M, Tervahartiala T, Soder PO, Andersson LC, Sorsa T, Meurman JK,
Soder B. Salivary MMP-13 gender differences in periodontitis: a cross-sectional study from
Swedan. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2017; 3(5): 165-170. doi: 10.1002/cre2.76

6. Checchi V, Maravic T, Bellini P, Generali L, Consolo U, Breschi L, Mazzoni A. The role
of matrix metalloproteinases in periodontal disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;
17(14): 4923. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144923

7. Brouwer P, Bikker FK, Brand HS, Kaman WE. Is TIMP-1 a biomarker for periodontal
disease? A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Periodontal Res. 2022; 57(2): 235-
245. doi: 10.1111/jre.12957

8. Desarda H, Gaikwad S. Matrix metalloproteinases and implication in periodontitis-a short review. Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences. 2013; 2(2): 66-70. doi: 10.4103/2277-4696.159288

9. Updike SX, Nowzari H. Fractal analysis of dental radiographs to detect periodontitisinduced
trabecular changes. J Periodontal Res. 2008; 43(6): 658-664. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01056.x

10. Lestari S, Utari EL. Metode pengenalan pola trabekula mandibular pada radiograf
periapikal digital untuk deteksi dini risiko osteoporosis. Jurnal Teknosains. 2013; 3(1):
66-73. doi: 10.22146/teknosains.6129

11. Lestari S, Widyaningrum R. Hubungan fraksi area trabekula anterior mandibula dengan
kepadatan tulang lumbar spine untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis. Majalah Kedokteran Gigi
Indonesia. 2017; 3(1): 43-50. doi: 10.22146/majkedgiind.13207

12. Sumantri DDS, Firman RN, Azhari A. Analisis radiograf periapikal menggunakan software
imagej pada abses periapikal setelah perawatan endodontik. Majalah Kedokteran
Gigi Indonesia. 2017; 3(1): 29-34. doi: 10.22146/majkedgiind.10468

13. Pawar DD, Mehta DS. Effect of phase 1 periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid
levels of matrix metalloproteinases-3 and -13 in chronic periodontitis patients. J Inv Clin
Dent. 2015; 6: 118-124.

14. Goncalves PF, Huang H, McAninley S, Alfant B, Harrison P, Aukhil I, Walker C, Shaddox
LM. Periodontal treatment reduces matrix metalloproteinase levels in localized aggresive
periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2013; 84(12): 1801-1808. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130002

15. Ghodpage PS, Kolte RA, Kolte AP, Gupta M. Influence of phase I periodontal therapy
on levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1. Saudi
Dent J. 2014; 26(4): 171-175. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2014.05.003

16. Kumar PM, Reddy NR, Deepa A, Babu DSM, Kumar AK, Chavan V. Comparison of matrix
metalloproteinase-3 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels iin gingival
crevicular fluid in periodontal health, disease and after treatment: a clinico biochemical
study. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2013; 10(4): 434-439.

17. Barros FC, Braga FF, Fischer RG, Figueredo CMS. Effects of nonsurgical periodontal
treatment on alveolar bone density. Braz Dent J. 2014; 25(2): 90-95.
doi: 10.1590/0103-6440201302308

18. Salim RU, Soeroso Y, Masulili SLC, Bachtiar BM, Sunarto H. Scaling and root planing effects on alveolar bone density and amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. J Phys: Conf. Ser. 2018; 1-9.

19. Saxena, Sankhla B, Sundaragiri KS, Bhargava A. A Review of salivary biomarker: a tool for
early oral cancer diagnosis. Adv Biomed Res. 2017; 6: 90. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.211801

20. Franco JPF. Salivary proteins as biomarkers for periodontal disease. Uporto. 2012; 1-23.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.66221