* Corresponding Author
The relationship between salivary secretion and taste sensitivity level in the elderly
https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.36903 Fimma Naritasari(1*), Dewi Agustina(2), Supriatno Supriatno(3)
(1) Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The increasing population of the elderly has an impact on health problems, including an increase of oral problems. One of the common oral problems is dry mouth that possibly disrupts gustatory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between salivary secretion and taste sensitivity level in the elderly. This study was a cross sectional study for the elderly population of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta/The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Province, Indonesia. This study consisted of interview, clinical examination, measurement of salivary secretion (sialometry) and taste sensitivity level using chemical gustometry method. Salivary secretion data were described in ml/ min. The measurement of taste sensitivity level was performed using 4 different substances: sweet (sucrose), salty (NaCl), sour (citric acid) and bitter (quinidine sulphate) with 4 different concentrations for each flavor. Four score was given if the respondent recognized the lowest concentration of the substance and 0 score was provided when all concentrations were failed to be tasted. Total score for test sensitivity level was scaled from 0 to 16. Salivary secretion data and taste sensitivity level data were analyzed by Spearman correlation test to determine the correlation between both variables. There were 103 subjects (70 women and 33 men) with the age mean of 65.61 years old, participating in this study. The mean of the sweet taste level was 2.81, 3.32 for salty taste, 3.69 for sour taste and 2.98 for bitter taste. Total taste sensitivity level mean was 12.80 out of 16. The measurements of unstimulated whole saliva showed a mean value of 0.170 ml/min with the majority of subjects having normal salivary flow. The Spearman correlation test results showed r= -0.078 with p >0.05 that indicated no correlation. We concluded that there was no relationship between salivary secretion and taste sensitivity level in the elderly.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF-3nReferences
1. Abikusno N. Kelanjutusiaan sehat menuju masyarakat sehat untuk segala usia. Buletin
Jendela Data dan Informasi Kesehatan Semester 1. Pusat Data dan Informasi Kemenkes RI (Ed.). Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2013. 25-28.
2. Badan Pusat Statistik. Statistik penduduk usia lanjut Indonesia 2010: hasil sensus penduduk 2010. Badan Pusat Statistik. Jakarta; 2012. 19-26.
3. Dinas Kesehatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Profil Kesehatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2013. Dinkes DIY. Yogyakarta; 2013. 7-12.
4. Ship JA. Geriatrics in Greenberg MS and Glick M, Burket’s Oral Medicine: Diagnosis and
Treatment 10th ed. Ontario: B.C. Decker Inc; 2003. 605-622.
5. Almeida PDV, Gregio AMT, Machado MAN, Lima AASL, Azevedo LR. Saliva composition
and function: a comperehensive review. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2008; 9(3): 1-11.
6. Fox PC, Eversole LR. Disease of the salivary gland, in Silverman S, Eversole LR, Truelove
EL, Essential of oral medicine. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc; 2001. 260-276.
7. Heckmann JG, Heckmann SM, Lang CJG, Hummel T. Neurological aspect of taste
disorders. Arch Neurol. 2003; 60(5): 667-671.
8. Turner MD, Ship JA. Dry mouth and its effects on the oral health of elderly people. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007; 138(9 supplement): 15S-20S.
9. Weiffenbach JM, Fox PC, Baum BJ. Taste and salivary function. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1986;
83: 6103-6106.
10. Akal UK, Delilbasi C, Yilmaz T, Redzep E, Sertkaya D. Evaluation of some factors
affecting taste perception. OHDMBSC. 2003; 2(4): 33-37.
11. Brosvic GM, Hoey NE. Taste detection and discrimination performance of rats following
selective desalivation. Physiol Behav. 1990; 48: 617-623.
12. Satoh-Kuriwada S, Shoji N, Kawai M, Uneyama H, Kaneta N, Sasano T. Hyposalivation strongly influenced hypogeusia in the elderly. Journal of Health Science. 2009; 55(5): 689-698.
13. Boyce JM, Shone GR. Review: effects of ageing on smell and taste. Postgrad Med J.
2006; 82: 239-241.
14. Floch JP, Lievre GL, Sadoun J, Perlemuter L, Peynegre R, Hazard J. Taste impairment
and related factor in type 1 Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1989; 26(2): 173-178.
15. Mueller C, Kallert S, Renner B, Stiassny K, Temmel AFP, Hummel T, Kobal G. Quantitative
assessment of gustatory function in a clinical context using impregnated “taste strips”.
Rhinology. 2003; 41: 2-6.
16. Villa A, Connell CA, Abati S. Diagnosis and Management of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation. Therapeutic and Clinical Risk Management. 2015; 11: 45-51.
17. de Deco CP, Reis MRVS, Marchini AMPS, da Rocha RF, dos Santos MBF, Marchini L. Taste
alteration, mouth dryness and teeth staining as side effects of medications taken by elderly.
Braz J Oral Sci. 2014; 13(4): 257-260.
18. Kraaij S, Karagozoglu KH, Forouzanfar T, Veerman ECI, Brand HS. Salivary stones: symptoms, aetiology, biochemical composition and treatment. Br Dent J. 2014; 217: E23: 1-6.
19. Percival RS, Challacombe SJ, Marsh PD. Flow rate of resting whole and stimulated parotid saliva in relation to age and gender. J Dent Res. 1994; 73: 1416-1420.
20. Engelen L, de Wijk RA, Prinz JF, van der Bilt A, Bosman. The relation between saliva flow
after different stimulation and the perception of flavor and texture attributes in custard dessert. Physiol and Behv. 2003; 78: 165-169.
21. Matsuo R. Role of saliva in the maintenance of taste ssensitivity. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med.
2000; 11(2): 216-229.
22. Schiffman SS, Graham BG. Taste and smell perception affect appetite and immunity in the elderly. Eu J Clin Nutr. 2000; 54(3): S54-S63.
23. Delilbasi C, Cehiz T, Akal U, Yilmaz T. Evaluation of some factors affecting taste perception in elderly people. OHDMBSC. 2003; 4(6): 29-35.
24. Tango RN, Arata A, Borges AL, Costa AK, Pereira LJ, Kaminagakura E. The role
of new removable complete dentures in stimulated salivary flow and taste perception.
J Prosthodont. 2016; 27(4): 335-339.
25. Solemdal K, Sandvik l, Willumsen T, Mowe M, Hummel T. The impact of oral health on taste ability in acutely hospitalized elderly. PLoS ONE. 2012; 7(5): e36557.
26. Matsuo R, Yamamoto T. Effect of inorganic constituent of saliva on taste responses of the
rat chorde tympany nerve. Brain Res. 1992; 583: 71-80.
27. Kauffman DL, Keller PJ. The basic proline-rich protein in human parotid saliva from a single subject. Arch Oral Biol. 1979; 24: 249-256.
28. Schiffman SS. Taste and smell loses in normal aging and disease. J Am Med Assoc. 1997;
278: 1357-1362.
29. de Castro MC, Raos-e-Silva M. Physiologic alteration of oral mucosa due to aging: a review. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2005; 13(3): 184.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.36903
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3022
| 
views : 3373
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.