Pengaruh keadaan rongga mulut, perilaku ibu, dan lingkungan terhadap risiko karies pada anak

Quroti A'yun; Julita Hendrartini; Al Supartinah

doi:10.22146/majkedgiind.11267

Pengaruh keadaan rongga mulut, perilaku ibu, dan lingkungan terhadap risiko karies pada anak

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.11267

Quroti A'yun^(1*), Julita Hendrartini⁽²⁾, Al Supartinah⁽³⁾

(1) Jurusan Keperawatan Gigi, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Pencegahan dan Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Masyarakat, Fakultas kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The effect of oral cavity condition, mothers’ behaviour and environment on the carries risk on children. Carries risk factors in children consist of direct risk factor, which includes the condition of oral cavity, and indirect risk factor including mother’s behaviour and environment. The study was to identify factors that influence the occurrence of caries in children. This is an observational research with a cross-sectional design. The samples were 430 children between the ages of 10-12 years. The evaluated caries risk factors included pH level of saliva, the amount of plaque, caries experience, the mother’s behaviour in child’s utilization of dental health service, the mother’s behaviour on the child’s health care, and the mother’s behaviour on child’s food selection. The environment factors were UKGS implementation by teacher and friend’s influences. The data were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The result of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the pH level of saliva (POR=1.923), the amount of plaque (POR=2.382), caries experience (POR=4.048), mother’s behaviour in child’s utilization of dental health service (POR= 2.107), mother’s behaviour on child’s food selection (POR= 1.676), and the UKGS implementation by teacher (POR=1,846) significantly influenced the occurrence of caries (p<0,05). The mother’s behaviour on the child’s health care and friend’s influences did not significantly influenced the occurrence of caries (p>0,05). The study showed that pH level of saliva, the amount of plaque, caries experience, the mother’s behaviour in utilization of dental health service, mother’s behaviour on child’s food selection, and the UKGS implementation by teacher influenced the risk of caries in children.

ABSTRAK

Faktor risiko karies pada anak terdiri atas faktor risiko langsung, yaitu keadaan rongga mulut anak, dan faktor tidak langsung, yaitu perilaku ibu dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap risiko terjadinya karies. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Sampel sebanyak 430 anak berumur 10-12 tahun, faktor risiko karies yang diukur adalah pH saliva, banyaknya plak, dan pengalaman karies, perilaku ibu dalam pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi anak, perilaku ibu dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi, dan perilaku ibu dalam pemilihan makanan anak. Faktor lingkungan terdiri atas pelaksanaan UKGS oleh guru dan pengaruh teman sebaya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan multiple logistic regression. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pH saliva (POR=1,923), banyaknya plak (POR 2,382), dan pengalaman karies (POR= 4,048), perilaku ibu dalam pemanfatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi anak (POR=1,876), perilaku ibu dalam pemilihan makanan anak (POR=1,676) dan pelaksanaan UKGS oleh guru (POR=1,847) berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan risiko karies pada anak (p<0,05). Perilaku ibu dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi anak dan teman sebaya tidak berpengaruh terhadap risiko karies pada anak (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap risiko karies pada anak adalah pengalaman karies, banyaknya plak, pH saliva, perilaku ibu dalam pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi anak, perilaku ibu dalam pemilihan makanan anak, dan pelaksanaan UKGS oleh guru.

Keywords

condition of oral cavity; environment; mother’s behavior; caries risk in children

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.11267