Aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh untuk Analisis Pengaruh Ruang Terbuka Hijau Terhadap Iklim Mikro di Kawasan Perkotaan Klaten

Abstract

ABSTRAK Keberadaan RTH Hijau mulai tergusur oleh adanya pembangunan bangunan-bangunan baru di kawasan perkotaan. Salah satu fungsi dari RTH adalah sebagai pengatur dan penyeimbang iklim mikro. Citra ALOS Pan-Sharpened digunakan untuk interpretasi RTH dan penggunaan lahan. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah peta distribusi suhu udara, kelembaban relatif, dan kecepatan angin di kawasan perkotaan Klaten, tingkat hubungan antara kerapatan RTH terhadap iklim mikro, pola RTH terhadap iklim mikro, dan penggunaan lahan terhadap iklim mikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa citra ALOS Pan-Sharpened memberikan ketelitian interpretasi kerapatan RTH sebesar 81,05%, untuk interpretasi pola RTH sebesar 93,68%, dan interpretasi penggunaan lahan sebesar 94,97%. Kerapatan RTH berpengaruh terhadap suhu udara 60,6%, kelembaban udara 80%, kecepatan angin 5,2%. Pola vegetasi RTH kurang memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap iklim mikro. Pengaruh penggunaan lahan terhadap iklim mikro adalah rendah, dimana lebih dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan RTH , tingkat kepadatan bangunan, geometri bangunan, dan emisi gas kendaraan bermotor.

ABSTRACT The presence of Open Green Space is threatened by conversion to new buildings in urban areas. One of the function of Open Green Space is as a regulator and  balancing of micro climate. ALOS Pan-Sharpened images was used to Open Green Space and land use interpretation. The final result of this research is a distribution map of air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed in Klaten’s urban areas, relations level between Open Green Space density to the micro climate, Open Green Space pattern to the micro climate, and land use to the micro climate. The result of this research showed that interpretation accuracy of Open Green Space density provided by ALOS Pan-Sharpened was 81,05%, interpretation of Open Green Space pattern was 93,68%, and interpretation of land use was 94,97%. On the other hand, Open Green Space density affect to the air temperature was 60,6%,  to the air humidity was 80%, and to the wind speed was 5,2%. Vegetation patterns of Open Green Space gave less significant influence to the micro climate which marked by very weak correlation between many vegetation patterns of Open Green Space with air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed. Land use impact to the micro climate were low,  where air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed were more influenced by buildings density level, building geometry, gas emissions from vehicles, and Open Green Space availability.