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Analsisis Kausalitas Efek Samping Obat (ESO) pada pasien Rawat Inap Bangsal Penyakit Dalam RS Akademik UGM Yogyakarta
https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i4.96130 Cindy Marseli(1), Zullies Ikawati, Apt.(2*), Nanang Munif Yasin(3)
(1) Magister Farmasi Klinik Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Efek Samping Obat (ESO) merupakan salah satu bagian dari Drug Related Problems (DRPs) yang menjadi masalah penting dikesehatan masyarakat. ESO menjadi salah satu penyebab utama rawat inap dan penyebab morbiditas kelima di negara-negara maju. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah kejadian ESO dan tingkat keparahan ESO pada pasien rawat inap di Bangsal Penyakit Dalam. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi observational dengan metode cross sectional. Pengambilan data secara prospektif selama periode Desember 2023 hingga Januari 2024. ESO dinilai kausalitasnya menggunakan algoritma Naranjo. Penelitian ini melibatkan 108 pasien rawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Angka kejadian ESO pada penelitian ini sebesar 41 pasien (38,0%) dengan 46 kejadian. Manifestasi ESO paling sering terjadi yaitu respons hipersensitivitas (23,91%), diikuti oleh kejadian hipoglikemia (13,04%) dan hipotensi (13,04%). Kulit dan jaringan subkutan merupakan organ yang paling sering terkena dampak ESO (30,43%), sementara antibiotik sistemik merupakan jenis obat yang paling sering menyebabkan ESO (17,39%). Penilaian kausalitas menggunakan algoritma Naranjo menunjukkan bahwa 78,26% kasus probable dan 21,74% kasus possible dengan tingkat keparahan mild (47,83%) dan moderate (52,17%). Pemantauan kejadian ESO sebagai informasi bagi praktisi kesehatan untuk mewaspadai potensi ESO, meningkatkan pelaporan ESO, dan memantau terapi pasien secara lebih komprehensif.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i4.96130
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Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada
