Analisis Biaya Penyakit Pneumonia pada Pasien Dewasa di Rumah Sakit

Liza Rastiti; Susi Ari Kristina; Tri Murti Andayani

doi:10.22146/farmaseutik.v19i4.80728

Analisis Biaya Penyakit Pneumonia pada Pasien Dewasa di Rumah Sakit

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v19i4.80728

Liza Rastiti^(1*), Susi Ari Kristina⁽²⁾, Tri Murti Andayani⁽³⁾

(1) Master Program in Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Aisyiyah Hospital, Bojonegoro
(2) Departement of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Pneumonia adalah salah satu penyakit dengan pembiayaan perawatan di rumah sakit yang paling tinggi di Amerika Serikat, dengan biaya $9,5 miliar secara nasional. Beban ekonomi pneumonia di Filipina sebesar 8,48 miliar peso filipina (PHP) untuk Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Moderate Risk dan PHP 643,76 juta untuk CAP-High Risk. Belum ada penelitian terkait beban ekonomi penyakit pneumonia pada pasien dewasa di Indonesia hingga penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biaya penyakit pneumonia rawat inap pasien dewasa, komponen-komponen biayanya, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Analisis biaya penyakit dilakukan dalam perspektif rumah sakit dengan pendekatan prevalensi. menggunakan metode bottom-up. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif pada periode 1 Juli – 31 Desember 2021. Subjek penelitian adalah semua pasien pnuemonia rawat inap dewasa dengan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang tidak terdiagnosis sebagai pasien COVID-19. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 49 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Total biaya penyakit pneumonia rawat inap pada pasien dewasa sebesar Rp 369.748.868,00. Rata-rata biaya penyakit dalam satu episode rawat inap per pasien (± SD) sejumlah Rp 7.545.895.27 ± 5.057.691,81. Komponen biaya terbesar adalah biaya obat dan Bahan Medis Habis Pakai (BMHP) dengan proporsi 46,11% dari jumlah biaya penyakit pneumonia. Faktor Length of Stay (LOS) dan komorbiditas berpengaruh terhadap biaya penyakit pneumonia (p<0.05).

Keywords

pneumonia; analisis biaya penyakit; rawat inap; Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v19i4.80728