Prevalensi Bakteri Resisten Karbapenem di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Periode Januari-Agustus 2020

Firdhani Satia Primasari; Ika Puspitasari; Titik Nuryastuti

doi:10.22146/farmaseutik.v18i3.65823

Prevalensi Bakteri Resisten Karbapenem di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Periode Januari-Agustus 2020

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v18i3.65823

Firdhani Satia Primasari⁽¹⁾, Ika Puspitasari^(2*), Titik Nuryastuti⁽³⁾

(1) Magister Farmasi Klinik, Fakultas Farmasi UGM
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) FKKMK UGM
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Salah satu kasus resistensi yang memerlukan perhatian khusus saat ini adalah resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik golongan karbapenem. Adanya resistensi terhadap penggunaan antibiotik karbapenem dan belum ditemukannya antibiotik baru menjadikan cakupan pilihan antibiotik menjadi cukup sulit. Banyak negara telah melaporkan kejadian resistensi bakteri karbapenem dan jumlahnya terus mengalami peningkatan. Di Indonesia, data tersebut masih sangat minim dan belum banyak yang mengkaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya prevalensi dari tiga macam bakteri, yaitu Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, dan Enterobacterales spp yang resisten terhadap antibiotik karbapenem. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional retrospektif yang mengambil data hasil uji sensitivitas isolat Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, dan Enterobacterales (Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli) periode Januari-Agustus 2020. Prevalensi dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah bakteri yang resisten karbapenem terhadap total isolat bakteri yang ada. Dari hasil perhitungan, diperoleh bahwa prevalensi dari ketiga macam bakteri tersebut fluktuatif tiap bulannya. Di mana didapatkan pola bahwa antara bulan April-Mei prevalensi ketiga bakteri resisten karbapenem tersebut mengalami penunurunan kemudian untuk mengalami peningkatan untuk Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Acinetobacter baumannii. Prevalensi bakteri resisten karbapenem tertinggi ditemukan pada Acinetobacter baumannii dengan rentang prevalensi antara 46,43%-70%, diikuti Pseudomonas aeruginosa dengan prevalensi sebesar 12,82%-23,33%, dan Enterobacterales dengan prevalensi 0,73%-8,24%.

Keywords

karbapenem; prevalensi resistensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v18i3.65823