Estimasi Nilai Years of Life Lost (YLL) Penyakit Kanker Akibat Secondhand Smoke di Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.49615

Kadek Ida Krisnadewi(1*), Susi Ari Kristina(2), Chirun Wiedyaningsih(3)

(1) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Paparan rokok pada perokok pasif  meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner dan stroke pada orang dewasa, dan juga gangguan pernafasan hingga kematian pada anak-anak. Perokok pasif menjadi penyebab 42.000 kematian pada kanker, dan sebanyak 7000 lebih kematian disebabkan oleh kanker paru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung beban ekonomi dari sisi Years of Life Lost (YLL). Estimasi nilai years of life lost  (YLL) untuk 6 penyakit kanker akibat perokok pasif diambil per kelompok jenis kelamin. YLL dihitung dengan mengalikan angka harapan hidup menurut standar WHO Life table dan estimasi kematian akibat kanker.Diperoleh hasil nilai YLL laki-laki dan perempuan apabila dijumlahkan yakni, nilai terbesar ialah pada kanker paru-paru (19.823 person years), diikuti dengan kanker kolon (19.007 person years), kanker pankreas (14.155 person years), kanker perut (3.372 person years), kanker kandung kemih (3.251 person years) dan kanker laring (1.242 person years). Kesimpulannya, terdapat 3 penyakit kanker akibat perokok pasif yang menimbulkan jumlah kehilangan tahun (akibat kematian dini YLL) terbesar ialah kanker paru-paru, kanker kolon dan kanker pankreas. Pertimbangan indikator YLL penting dilakukan sebagai sumber informasi dalam penentu kebijakan. Nilai YLL dari kanker paru cukup tinggi, hal ini perlu menjadi perhatian serius bagi pemerintah dan tenaga kesehatan agar lebih mewaspadai dan menghimbau terkait bahayanya paparan perokok pasif bagi masyarakat.


Keywords


Years of life lost; Kanker; Perokok pasif

Full Text:

PDF


References

American Cancer Society, 2016. Secondhand Smoke, Just the Fact, American, American Cancer Society

Burnet, N.G, Jefferies, S.J., Benson, R.J., 2005 Years Of Life Lost (YLL) From Cancer Is An Important Measure Of Population Burden – And Should Be Considered When Allocating Research Funds, BMJ Open, 92

Chen, J., Wang, M.-P., Wang, X., Viswanath, K., Lam, T.-H., dan Chan, S.S., 2015b. Secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese never smokers in Hong Kong. BMJ Open, 5: e007694.

Cleveland, 2017. 'Dangers of Secondhand Smoke', Cleveland Clinic. URL: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/10644-secondhand-smoke-dangers (diakses tanggal 9/7/2019).

Donev D, Zaletel,K.L., Bjegovic V, dan Burazeri,G., 2013. Measuring burden of disease: Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY). Jacobs Verlag.

International Agency for Research on Cancer (Editor), 2004. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 83, Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking: This Publication Represents the Views and Expert Opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Which Met in Lyon, 11 - 18 June 2002. IARC, Lyon.

Janah, M. dan Martini, S., 2017. Hubungan Antara Paparan Asap Rokok Dengan Kejadian Prehipertensi Relationship Between Secondhand Smoke And Prehypertension. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Yayasan RS.Dr. Soetomo, 3: 131

Lian, T.Y., Dorotheo, U., Ritthiphakdee, B., Kolandai, D.M.A., Villarreiz, D.D., Ratanachena, S., dkk., 2018. The Tobacco Control Atlas: ASEAN Region, Fourth Edition 144.

Kementrian Kesehatan, R. of I., CDC Foundation, World Health Organization, dan Regional Office for South-East Asia, 2012. Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Indonesia Report 2011. World Health Organization, Regional Office for SOuth Easr Asia, New Delhi.

Kim, A.S., Ko, H.J., Kwon, J.H., dan Lee, J.M., 2018. Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Risk of Cancer in Never Smokers: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15: 1981.

Murray, C.J.L. (Editor), 1996. The Global Burden of Disease: A Comprehensive Assessment of Mortality and Disability from Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020 ; Summary, Global burden of disease and injury series. Harvard School of Public Health [u.a.], Cambridge.

World Health Organization, 2017. Tobacco Control for Sustainable Development. World Health Organization, Regional Office for South East Asia, New Delhi.

Zahra, A., Cheong, H.-K., Lee, E.-W., dan Park, J.-H., 2016. Burden of Disease Attributable to Secondhand Smoking in Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 28: 737–750.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.49615

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1846 | views : 2605

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Majalah Farmaseutik Indexed by:

   
 
Creative Commons Licence
 
 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.