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Penerapan Response Surface Methodology dalam Optimasi Proses Ekstraksi dari Artemisia vulgaris Terhadap Nilai Rendemen
https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i2.101817 Kholif Sholehah Indra Kurniasih(1*), Rizqa Salsabila Firdausia(2), Dianita Febrina Leswara(3), Adela Nurhayati(4), Siti Zahara Febriana(5)
(1) Prodi Farmasi (S-1), Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta
(2) Prodi Farmasi (S-1), Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta
(3) Prodi Farmasi (S-1), Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta
(4) Prodi Farmasi (S-1), Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta
(5) Prodi Farmasi (S-1), Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, telah terjadi peningkatan terhadap penggunaan bahan alam sebagai senyawa dalam proses pembuatan obat. Penggunaan bahan alam mempunyai efek samping yang cenderung lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan obat sintetik. Artemisia vulgaris memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat obat bahan alam. Dalam mengisolasi senyawa metabolit tersebut diperlukan kondisi ekstraksi yang optimal untuk memberikan efek yang maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan optimasi kondisi proses ekstraksi pada Artemisia vulgaris sehingga diperoleh ukuran partikel, waktu maserasi serta konsentrasi pelarut yang optimal dalam mengisolasi metabolit sekunder berdasarkan atas nilai rendemen. Program Minitab 17 dengan Response Surface Methodology Box-Behnken Design digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk memilih kondisi proses ekstraksi berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang dapat memberikan respon maksimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi ukuran partikel 40, 60, dan 80 mesh, waktu maserasi 12, 24, dan 36 jam, serta variasi konsentrasi pelarut etanol 50%, 70%, dan 90%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan nomer ayakan, waktu maserasi, dan konsentrasi pelarut dapat mempengaruhi %rendemen yang diperoleh. Diketahui nilai rendemen menggunakan nomer ayakan 40, waktu maserasi 24 jam serta konsentrasi etanol 90% memiliki %rendemen yang rendah, yaitu 0,715% jika dibandingkan dengan nomer ayakan 80, waktu maserasi 24 jam, dan konsentrasi pelarut 50% yaitu 3,42%.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i2.101817
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