Aplikasi Mordan Tanin pada Pewarnaan Kain Batik Katun Menggunakan Warna Alam Tingi (Ceriops tagal)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.57891

Dwi Wiji Lestari(1*), Vivin Atika(2), Yudi Satria(3), Aprilia Fitriani(4), Tri Susanto(5)

(1) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Jalan Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(2) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Jalan Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(3) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Jalan Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(4) Balai Besar Kerajinan dan Batik, Jalan Kusumanegara No.7 Yogyakarta, 55166
(5) Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang, Jl. Perindustrian 2 No.9, Sukarami, Palembang, 30961
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of tannin mordant from Psidium guajava leaves, Peltophorum pterocarpum bark, and Coffea arabica leaves in cotton batik dyeing using tingi bark (Ceriops tagal). This research was conducted by initial quantitative analysis of each extract to measure the quantity of tannin using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with tannic acid as a standard solution. The next process was a fabric pre-mordanting using each mordant extract, batik process, coloring with tingi bark extract, and post-mordanting using each alum solution and guava leaves extract. The dyed batik fabric was tested toward its color intensity and durability/fastness properties. From the quantitative analysis, guava leaves extract contains the biggest tannin content compared with jambal bark and coffee leaves extract, which is 1151.5 μg/mL. The dyed sample from combination of Guava leaves extract pre-mordanting with alum post-mordanting provided the best color intensity of 15.52. While all variables had an equal good value for washing fastness. It can be concluded that all material had potential as natural mordant for cotton batik dyeing with natural dye, but with consideration of using metal mordant for combination to get better results in terms of both color intensity and fastness properties.

Keywords: batik; biomordant; natural dye; tannin mordant

 

A B S T R A K

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja mordan tanin dari daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava), kulit kayu jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum) dan daun kopi (Coffea arabica) dalam pewarnaan kain batik katun dengan pewarna alami tingi (Ceriops tagal). Penelitian dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu mengukur kadar tanin total dari masing-masing ekstrak secara kuantitatif menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan larutan standar asam tanat. Proses selanjutnya adalah mordan awal kain menggunakan masing-masing ekstrak mordan, pembatikan, pewarnaan menggunakan ekstrak kulit kayu tingi, dan mordan akhir menggunakan masing-masing larutan tawas dan ekstrak daun jambu biji. Kain batik berwarna diuji ketuaan warna dan ketahanan luntur warnanya. Dari hasil analisis kuantitatif, didapatkan kandungan tanin terbesar dari ekstrak daun jambu biji yaitu 1.151,5 μg/mL. Hasil uji ketuaan warna paling besar didapatkan dari perlakuan mordan awal daun jambu biji dan mordan akhir tawas dengan nilai 15,52, sedangkan ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian secara rata-rata memberikan nilai 4 (baik) untuk semua variabel. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu ekstrak daun jambu biji, kulit kayu jambal, dan daun kopi memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan mordan pada pewarnaan batik. Penggunaan ketiga bahan mordan alami memerlukan kehadiran mordan logam untuk memperkuat intensitas warna dan ketahanan luntur warna kain.

Kata kunci: batik; biomordan; mordan tannin; pewarna alam





Keywords


batik; biomordant; natural dye; tannin mordant

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.57891

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