Disosiasi H2S dalam Gas Alam pada Temperatur Ruang Menggunakan Katalisator MgO: Pengaruh Jumlah Katalis dan Laju Alir Massa

https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.43154

Devie Herdiansyah(1*), Sri Haryati(2), Muhammad Djoni Bustan(3)

(1) 1) Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya Palembang Jl Raya Inderalaya – Prabumulih Km. 32 Ogan Ilir (OI), 30622 2) PT. Pusri Palembang
(2) Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya Palembang Jl Raya Inderalaya – Prabumulih Km. 32 Ogan Ilir (OI), 30622
(3) Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya Palembang Jl Raya Inderalaya – Prabumulih Km. 32 Ogan Ilir (OI), 30622
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The presence of H2S in natural gas is very detrimental to ammonia industry because it can poison and deactivate steam reforming catalysts. In the ammonia plant Pusri-IB PT. Pusri Palembang, H2S was separated in the Desulfurizer Unit (201-D) by adsorption using ZnO adsorbent at low temperature (28 ° C). Unfortunately, in this process the ZnO adsorbent cannot be regenerated so that within one year the ZnO adsorbent will be saturated with sulfur. The alternative process of H2S separation is to dissociate H2S into its constituent elements (hydrogen and sulfur) with catalytic process. The magnesium oxide catalyst was chosen because magnesium oxide is a metal oxide compound widely known in the catalysis process and has two active sites. The highest H2S conversion that can be achieved by MgO catalyst is 92.29%. Unlike ZnO, MgO does not absorb H2S, but catalyzes the dissociation of H2S into hydrogen and solid sulfur without being changed consumed by the reaction itself so that the MgO catalyst has a longer life time than the ZnO adsorbent.

A B S T R A K

Kandungan H2S dalam gas alam sangat merugikan bagi industri amoniak karena dapat meracuni dan mendeaktivasi katalis steam reforming. Di pabrik amoniak Pusri-IB PT. Pusri Palembang, H2S dipisahkan di Unit Desulfurizer (201-D) secara adsorpsi dengan menggunakan adsorben ZnO pada temperatur rendah (28 ° C). Namun sangat disayangkan, pada proses ini adsorben ZnO tidak dapat diregenerasi sehingga dalam kurun waktu satu tahun adsorben ZnO akan jenuh oleh sulfur. Salah satu alternatif proses pemisahan H2S adalah dengan mendisosiasi H2S menjadi unsur penyusunnya yaitu hidrogen dan sulfur dengan bantuan katalis. Katalis magnesium oksida dipilih karena magnesium oksida merupakan senyawa metal oksida yang penggunaannya sudah dikenal luas dalam proses katalisis serta memiliki dua gugus aktif. Konversi H2S tertinggi yang dapat dicapai katalis MgO adalah sebesar 92,29%. Berbeda halnya dengan ZnO, MgO tidak menyerap H2S, namun mengkatalisis proses disosiasi H2S menjadi hidrogen dan sulfur padat tanpa mengalami perubahan atau terkonsumsi oleh reaksi itu sendiri sehingga katalis MgO memiliki life time yang lebih lama dibanding adsorben ZnO.

 


Keywords


adsorben; disosiasi; MgO; ZnO

Full Text:

PDF


References

Calatayud, M., Markovits, A., Menetrey, M., Mguig, B., and Minot, C., 2003, Adsorption on perfect and reduced surfaces of metal oxide, Catal. Today, 85, 125–143.

Elkhalifa, E., and Frederich, H., 2014, Magnesium oxide as a catalyst for the dehydrogenation of n-octane, Arabian J. Chem., 11, 1154-1159.

Fogler, H.S., 1992, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Toronto Prentice-Hall International Inc., New Jersey, United States

Guldal, N., Figen, H., and Baykara, S., 2015, New catalyst for hydrogen production from H2S: preliminary results, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 40, 7452 - 7458.

Hagen, J., 2006, Industrial Catalysis: A Practical Approach 2nd Ed., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

Jalama, K., 2015, Effect of space velocity on Fischer-Tropsch reaction over Co/TiO2 catalyst, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2015, Vol II, 21-23.

Karan, K., Mehrotra, A., and Behie, L., 1999,. On reaction kinetics of the thermal decomposition of hydrogen sulfide, AIChE Journal, 45 (2), 383-389.

Laosiripojana, N., Rajesh, S., Singhto, W., Palikanon, T., and Pengyong, S., 2004, Effect of H2S, CO2, and O2 on catalytic methane steam reforming over Ni catalyst on CeO2 and Al2O3 support, The Joint International Conference on “Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE)”

Nwosu, C., 2012, An electronegativity approach to catalytic performance, Journal of Technical Science and Technologies, 1 (2), 25-28

PT Pupuk Sriwidjaya, 1995, Process Design Package for 1350 mtpd Ammonia Unit, The M.W. Kellog Company

Starstev, A., Kruglyakova, O., Chesalov, Y., Ruzankin, S., Kravtsov, E., Larina, T., and Paukshtis, E., 2013, Low temperature catalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide into hydrogen and diatomic gaseous sulfur, Top. Catal., 56, 969-980.

Wentao, X., Luo, M., Peng, R., Xiang, M., Hu, X., Lan, L., and Zhou, J., 2017, Highly effective microwave catalytic direct decomposition of H2S and S over MeS-based (Me = Ni, Co) microwave catalysts, Energy Convers. Manage., 149, 219-227.

Zaman, J., and Chakma, A., 1995, Production of hydrogen and sulfur from hydrogen sulfide, Fuel Process. Technol., 41, 159-198.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.43154

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3492 | views : 3925

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2019 The authors

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.