KEBIJAKAN SUBSIDI KESEHATAN BAGI KELUARGA MISKIN DAN KONSUMSI ROKOK DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2001 DAN 2004

Abstract

Background: There has been increasing trends of tobacco
consumption among the poor families in the midst of government
effort to improve population health through health subsidy
programs for the poor.
Objective: To analyse the effect of policy on health subsidy
provisions to the poor with cigarette expenditures and utilization
of health service facilities.
Method: This study consists of two parts. Part one of the
study was a cross-sectional study using the Susenas data
year 2001 and 2004. The sample involved 69,166 households
(2001) and 60,832 households (2004) in all provinces in
Indonesia. Univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi Square
test were used in the statistical analysis. The second part of
the study was a documentary study on Indonesian tobacco
control policy.
Result: A significant increase in the proportion of smoking in
the household who receive subsidized health care was found
in 2004 (p <0.001). Smoking habits at home among those health
care subsidy recipients, increased 35.06 percent in 2004
compared to 2001, and this was significant (p 0.002). Outpatient
utilization significantly increased by 28.86% (p <0.001).
Frequency of hospitalization was decreased significantly in
2004 compared with 2001, amounting to 36.62% (p 0.020).
Tobacco control policy was stated in government regulation
No. 38/2000 which was then revised in No. 19/2003. These
were weaker than government regulation No. 81/1999.
Conclusion: The provision of health care subsidies has an
impact on the prevalence of smoking among the head of the
poorest households. Cigarette expenditures on households
receiving health subsidies are greater than expenditures on
education and health.
Keywords: health subsidy, smoking, utilization of health
services, and the poorest households.