Konsep "ComphrehenSive Security" Dan Ketahanan Nasional

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.22124

Muladi .(1*)

(1) 
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Istilah "comphrehensive security" muncul seiring dengan berakhirnya Perang Dingin sekitar tahun 1988, yang berseberangan dengan harapan masyarakat dunia yang mengharapkan dengan penuh optimisme munculnya perdamaian internal dan antar negara, berkurangnya kekerasan dan tegaknya ketertiban dunia di bawah kendal PBB. Namun yang terjadi pada t.ahun 1990-an justru menimbulkan pertanyaan, karena yang muncul adalah kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh "non-state actors" seperti perang sauclara, genosida, konflik berdasar identitas, terorisme yang dipicu oleh frustasi akibat perasaan-perasaan kasenjangan sosial ekonomi, ketidakadilan, "xenophobia", ketidakamanan akibat globalisasi, separasi politik, tuntutan solidaritas agama, yang dimanipulasi oleh kaum ekstremis, fanatik, fundamentalis dan kelompok radikalis. (Muladi, 2006).

Full Text:

PDF


References

Alagappa, Muthiah, Asian Secu-rity Practices Material and ideational influences, Stan-ford University Press, 1988.

Annan, Kofi A., In Larger Free-dom: Towards Develop-ment, Security and Hu-man Rights for All, UN, 2005.

CSCAP, Memorandum No. 3: The Concept of Compre-hensive and Cooperative Security, Kuala Lumpur, ISIS, 1995.

Evans, From the Long Peace to the Long Walar: Armed Conflict and Military Edu-cation and Training in the 21 st Century, Australian

Muladi, Konsep "Comphrehensive Security" dan Ketahanan Nasional 9

Defence College, Occa-sional Series No. 1, 2007.

Feng, Han, NTS Challenges and Policy Responses in North East Asia, in Inaugural Meeting of the Consor-tium of NTS Studies in Asia, Singapore, 2007.

Katsumata, Hiro, Asean Securi-ty Community Back-ground Paper for the In-formal Metting of ASEAN Defence and Security Think Tanks, Singapore, 2007.

Len le Roux, Defining defence requirements: Force De-sign Considerations for the South African Natio-nal Defence Foece, Afri-can Securi Review Vol. 8 No. 5, 199.

Lind, William S, Understanding Fourth Generation War, http:/ www.lewrock well.com/lind3b.html, 2007.

Muladi, International Terrorism, Paper Presented in IDSS Seminar, Singapore, 1966.

Patriot Post, Us, http:/ /patriot post us/papers/05-10 pa-per asp., 2007.

Tan, Andrew T.H. and Boutin Kenneth J.D., Non Tradi-tional Security Issues in Southeast Asia, IDSS, Si-ngapore, 2001.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.22124

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2653 | views : 1665

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2016 Muladi .

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


web
analytics View My Stats