Cover Image

Characterization and classification of some soils formed from coastal plain sands origin in Edo State, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.90797

Faith Ehinomhen Okunsebor(1*), Rita Ivie Okhuarhobo(2), Aigboghosa Samson Umweni(3)

(1) University of Benin
(2) University of Benin
(3) University of Benin
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The aim of this research was to map and classify some soils of coastal plain sands origin in Edo State, Nigeria. The study covered two areas, including Site A (4 hectares) and Site B (12 hectares). The methodology used was a systematic soil survey using a rigid grid at detailed scales (1:5000 for Site A and 1:10,000 for Site B), with two mapping units delineated at each site. A representative pedon was excavated in each mapping unit, described, and sampled for analysis. Soil samples were analyzed using standard laboratory methods, and the data were processed with descriptive statistics. Soil classification followed USDA soil taxonomy, the World Reference Base for Soil Resources, and local systems. The morphological properties showed reddish soil colors when moist, with structures varying from single grain crumb to sub-angular blocky, and textures from sand to sandy clay loam. The content of sand, silt, and clay ranged from ≥742.0 to ≤886.00 g/kg, from ≥15.00 to ≤26.00 g/kg, and from ≥88.00 to ≤190.00 g/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation ranged from ≥5.24 to ≤5.58, from ≥4.80 to ≤13.70, from ≥6.71 to ≤11.90 cmol/kg, and from ≥9.80 to ≤21.60 cmol/kg, consecutively. Pedons 2A and 2B were classified as Rhodic kandiudults by USDA, Rhodic Nudiargic Acrisols (Arenic, Vetic) by WRB, and locally as the Orlu series. Pedon 1A was classified as Typic Udipsamments by USDA, Eutric Rhodic Arenosols (Transportic) by WRB, and locally as the Ahiara series. Pedon 1B was classified as Typic Eutrudepts by USDA, Eutric Rhodic Cambisols (Arenic, Ochric) by WRB, and locally as the Kulfo series.

Keywords


pedon; series; USDA; WRB

Full Text:

PDF


References

Akamigbo, F. O. R. (2021). Impact of Landuse on Soil Properties in Southeastern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 31(1), pp. 59–76.

Anderson, J.M., and Ingram, J.I.S. (1993). Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility: A Handbook of Methods. 2nd ed. Wallingford, UK: C.A.B. International, p. 221.

Brady, N. C., and Weil, R. R. (2017). The Nature and Properties of Soils. 15th ed. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall, Inco Publishers, p. 881.

Bremner, J.M. (1996). Nitrogen Total. In: Sparks, D.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3: Chemical Methods, SSSA Book Series 5. Madison, Wisconsin: Soil Science Society of America, pp. 1085–1122.

Chude, V. O., Olayiwola, S. O., Osho, A. O., and Daudu, C. K. (2011). Fertilizer Use and Management Practices for Crops in Nigeria (4th edition). Abuja: Federal Fertilizer Department, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, pp. 12–43.

Dent, D., and Young, A. (1981). Soil Survey and Land Evaluation. A standard handbook on soil survey and land evaluation. London: Georg Allen and Unwin Publishers.

Ekong, U. J., and Uduak, I. G. (2015). Fertility status of soils at the teaching and Research farm of Awkwa Ibom State university, Obio Akpa campus, South – East Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(11), pp. 1434–1438.

FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization]. (1976). A frame work for Land Evaluation. No 32. Rome: FAO Soils Bull, pp. 7 and 77.

FAO [Food and Agriculture Organization]. (2006). Guidelines for Soil Profile Description (5th edition). Rome: AGLS, FAO Soils Bull.

FDALR [Federal Department of Agricultural Land Resources]. (1985). The reconnaissance survey of Imo state (1:250 000). Owerri: Federal Ministry of Agricultural Land Resources, pp.133.

Gee, G.W., and Or, D. (2002) Particle Size Analysis. In: Dane, J.H. and Topp, G.C., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods.Book Series No. 5. Madison: Soils Science Society of America, pp. 255–293.

Igwe, C. A., and Obalum, S. E. (2020). Pedological Study and Classification of Orlu Soil Series in Relation to its Agricultural Use. International Journal of Soil Science, 15(3), pp. 89–101.

IITA (1979) Selected methods for soil and plant analysis. IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture). Manual Series No. 1, Ibadan.

IUSS Working Group WRB (2015). World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, Update 2015. International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106, Rome: FAO.

Landon, J.R. (1991). Booker Tropical soil manual: A hand book for soil survey and Agricultural Land Evaluation in the tropics and subtropics. New York: Longman Scientific and Technical, Essex, p. 474.

Mclean, E.O. (1982) Soil pH and Lime Requirement. In: Page, A.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, pp. 199–224.

Moss, R. P. (1957). Report on the Classification of Soils found over the sedimentary in western Nigeria. Soil survey report. No. 67, I.A.R and T., Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Moor Plantation, Ibadan.

Munsell (1994). Munsell colour charts. New York, USA: Macbeth division of Kollmorgen instruments Corporation, New Windsor.

Nigeria Geological Survey Agency. (2008). Regional and Geology Series, First Edition.
Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR). (2020). Weather data (Temperature, Rainfall, Relative Humidity): 1993-2018. Benin-City, Nigeria: Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research Main Station.

Nwakaudu, A. A., Onwudike, S. U., and Nwankwo, C. I. (2023). Soil properties and Agricultural productivity of Ahiara series in Southeastern Nigeria. International Journal of Soil Science, 18(3), pp. 112–126.

Nwosu, C. O., and Okeke, P. O. (2023). Impact of Organic Amendments on the Productivity of Orlu Soil Series. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 25(2), pp. 102–112.

Obi, J. C., Udoh, I. B., Adefila, F. R., and Brownson, U. E. (2020). Numerical Classification and Digital Mapping of Coastal Plain Sands of Southern Nigeria. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Food Environment and Extensions, 19(2), pp. 13–22.

Ogidiolu, A. O., and Adebayo, O. S. (2021). Characterization and Classification of Ahiara Series Soils for Landuse planning in Nigeria. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Journal, 16(4), pp. 233–247.

Oguike, P. C., Oguike, J. C., and Onweremadu, E. U. (2023). Soil Properties and Management Practices in Coastal Plain Sands of Southeastern Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 23(1), pp. 45–58.

Ogunkunle, A.O. (1983). Updating the classification of acid sand soils with particular reference to the soils of NIFOR main station. Journal of the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research, 6, pp. 234–255.

Oko-oboh, E., Oviasogie, P. O., Senjobi, B. A. and Oriafo, S. (2016). Characterization of Alluvial Soils in Derived Savannah Ecology in Edo State Southern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment, 12(3), pp. 204–209.

Okunsebor, F. E., and Umweni, A. S. (2021). Soil Mapping, Classification, and Morphological Characteristics of the University of Benin Land. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 31(2), pp. 32–40.

Okunsebor, F. E, Umweni, A. S., and Agbogun, L. (2021). Land Suitability Evaluation for Pawpaw (Carica papaya) and Plantain (Musa parasidiaca) Cultivation in Iguzama Community of Edo State, Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 8(1), pp. 103–116.

Okunsebor, F.E., Ogbemudia, I., and Okolie, S. I (2024). Characterization and Fertility Capability Classification of Some Soils in the Rain Forest Zone of Edo state, Nigeria. Pantnagar Journal of Research, 22(1), pp. 14–25.

Olsen, S.R., and Sommers, L.E. (1982) Phosphorus. In: Page, A.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 403–430.

Onweremadu, E. U., Anikwe, M. A. M. and Igwe, C. A. (2022). Impact of Landuse on Soil Properties of Ahiara Series in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil and Environmental Research, 24(1), pp. 25–58.

Osinuga, O. A., Aiboni, V. U., and Oyegoke, C. O. (2020). Classification and Suitability Evaluation of Soils Along a Toposequence for Rice Production in Alabata, Southwest Nigeria. Agro-Science, 19(4), pp. 43–50.

Osujieke, D. N., Obasi, N. S., Imadojemu, P. E., Ekawa, M., and Angyu, M. D. (2018). Characterization and Classification of Soils of Jalingo Metropolis, North-East, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science, 28(2), pp. 72–80.

Page, A. L., Miller, R. M., and Kenny, D. R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis. No 9, Part 2: Chemical and Microbial Properties. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy.

Peter, K. D., and Agbogun, L. (2022). Characterization and Classification of Soils of the Rivers State University Teaching and Research Farm, Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science), 7(3), pp. 171–177.

Peter, K. D., and Umweni, A. S. (2020). Characterization and Classification of Soils Developed from Coastal Plain Sands and Alluvium in Khana Local Government Area of Rivers State, Southern Nigeria. Direct Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Science, 8(7), pp. 246–256.

Seifu, W., Elias, E., Gebresamuel, G., Feyisa, G. L., and Tefera, W. (2023). Characterization and Mapping of Soil-Landscape for Site-Specific Soil Management in Ayiba Watershed, northern Highlands of Ethiopia. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2023, pp. 1–21.

Soil Survey Staff. (2014). United States Department of Agriculture Keys to Soil Taxonomy 12th Edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.

Tan, K.H. (1996). Soil Sampling, Preparation and Analysis. New York City: Marcel Dekker, Inc., pp. 123–126.

Thomas, G. W. (1982). Exchangeable Cation. In: Page, A. L., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Agronomy Monograph. Madison, Wisconsin: ASA AND SSSA, pp. 159–165.

Wilding, L. P., Bouma, J., and Boss, D. W. (1994). Impact of spatial variability on interpretative modelling. In: Ryant, R.B. and Arnold, R.W., Eds., Quantitative modelling of soil forming processes. SSA Special publication, 39, pp. 61–75.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.90797

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 111 | views : 35

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share



Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) ISSN 0126-4214 (print), ISSN 2527-7162 (online) is published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada collaboration with Perhimpunan Sarjana Pertanian Indonesia (PISPI) and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web analytics View My Stats