SELEKSI MODEL PERMINTAAN UANG DI INDONESIA 1973-1987
Wihana Kirana Jaya(1*)
(1) Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Perkembangan empirik teori permintaan uang di Indonesia selama dua
dasawarsa telah didominasi oleh penggunaan Model Penyesuaian Parsial (Partial
Adjustment Model = PAM) seperti yang pernah dilakukan oleh Aghevli (1977),
Boediono (1985), Nasution (1985) dan Parikh et al (1985). Adapun perkembangan
teori permintaan uang dewasa ini yaitu penggunaan Model Penyesuaian Parsial telah
banyak dikritik oleh para ahli ekonomi (Cuthbertson, 1988), seperti kasus
overshooting di dalam perubahan tingkat bunga dan pendapatan riil. Demikian juga
adanya masalah autokorelasi serta intepretasi koefisien variabel yang dijelaskan
selang (Goodfriend, 1985).
Sejalan dengan perkembangan teori permintaan uang dan model dinamik, para
ahli ekonomi dan ekonometri telah mengembangkan salah satu Model Koreksi
Kesalahan (Error-Correction Model = ECM) seperti yang pernah dilakukan oleh
Hendry et al. (1984), Domowitz and Elbadawi (1987), Gupta and Moazzami (1988)
dan Colomoris and Domowitz (1989) dan sudah diterapkan pada kasus di negara
sedang berkembahg (lihat Insukindro, 1990), sedang para ahli ekonomi lain seperti
Laidler (1987), Goodhart (1984), dan Cuthbertson (1986, 1988) telah mengangkat
kembali teori permintaan uang untuk Model Cadangan Penyangga (Buffer Stock) atau
Model Penyerap Syok (Shock-Absorber Model = SAM) dan ini sangat relevan jika
pasar uang berada dalam ketidakseimbangan.
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