The difference in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical and non-medical students at Diponegoro University

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.76302

Rylandnia Sucha Anwar(1), Fillah Fithra Dieny(2*), Etisa Adi Murbawani(3), Deny Yudi Fitranti(4)

(1) Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(2) Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia / Center of Nutrition Research (CENURE), Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(3) Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(4) Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia / Center of Nutrition Research (CENURE), Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: University students are already known as a population at high risk for inactive behavior, and the COVID-19 pandemic can increase this risk. 

Objective: This research was conducted to analyze differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in medical and non-medical students at Diponegoro University and analyze factors correlated to physical activity and sedentary behavior. 

Methods: This was an observational research with a cross-sectional design in two groups conducted online. The subjects were students of Diponegoro University, as many as 102 subjects (51 medical students and 51 non-medical students aged 18-22 years). The research was conducted from September to November 2021. The selection was by quota sampling technique. Data were collected by filling out Google forms and an interview. The dependent variables are physical activity and sedentary behavior, measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF) and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ). Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's correlation test.

Results: Physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic between medical and non-medical students did not differ significantly (p=0.497). There was no significant difference in physical activity related to work/college, transport, house chores, and recreation (p>0.05). Meanwhile, overall sedentary behavior was not significantly different (p=0.290), as well as sedentary behavior on weekdays and weekends (p>0.05). The level of motivation was significantly correlated with physical activity in medical (p=0.027) and non-medical students (p=0.042).

Conclusion: Medical and non-medical students have no differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The level of motivation was positively correlated to physical activity in medical and non-medical students.


Keywords


COVID-19 pandemic; physical activity; sedentary behaviour; university students

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Romero-Blanco C, Rodriguez-Almagro J, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernandez ML, Prado-Laguna M del C, Hernandez-Martinez A. Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in university students: changes during confinement due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6567. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186567
  2. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Situasi Covid-19 di Indonesia. [series online] 2021 [cited 2021 Jun 15]. Available from: URL: https://covid19.go.id/berita/data-vaksinasi-covid-19-update-15-juni-2021
  3. Srivastav AK, Sharma N, Samuel AJ. Impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) lockdown on physical activity and energy expenditure among physiotherapy professionals and students using web-based open e-survey sent through whatsapp, facebook and instagram messengers. Clin Epidemiol Glob Heal. 2021;9:78–84. doi: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.07.003
  4. Kunstler BE, Slattery P, Grundy E, Goodwin D, Saeri A. Physical activity and sedentary behavior during the covid-19 pandemic: an Australian population study. OSF Preprints. 2020;1–25. doi: 10.31219/osf.io/t5jbu
  5. World Health Organization. A guide for population-based approaches to increasing levels of physical activity: implementation of the WHO global strategy on diet, physical and health. [series online] 2007 [cited 2021 Jun 15]. Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9241595175
  6. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Permenkes Nomor 41 Tahun 2014 tentang Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2014.
  7. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2018.
  8. Atmadja TFA, Yunianto AE, Yuliantini E, Haya M, Faridi A, Suryana. Gambaran sikap dan gaya hidup sehat masyarakat Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19. AcTion: Aceh Nutr J. 2020;5(2):195–202. doi: 10.30867/action.v5i2.355
  9. Luciano F, Cenacchi V, Vegro V, Pavei G. COVID-19 lockdown: physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in Italian medicine students. Eur J Sport Sci. 2021;21(10):1459-1468. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1842910
  10. Univeritas Diponegoro. Pedoman penyelenggaraan pembelajaran pada semester genap tahun ajaran dan tahun akademik 2020/2021 di masa pandemi COVID-19 [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Jun 15]. Available from: URL: https://ppid.undip.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Pembelajaran-Semester-Genap-Tahun-Akademik-2020-2021.pdf
  11. Al-Asousi M, El-Sabban F. Physical activity among preclinical medical students at the University of Malaya, Malaysia. J Nutr Heal Food Sci. 2016;4(2):1–8. doi: 10.15226/jnhfs.2015.00158
  12. Naim Z, Anwar K, Rahman A, Zuliani N. Physical inactivity among medical students and non-medical students: a cross sectional study. Int J Public Heal Clin Sci. 2016;3(5):48–58.
  13. Talapko J, Peric I, Vulic P, Pustijanac E, Jukic M, Bekic S, et al. Mental health and physical activity in health-related university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare. 2021;9(7):801. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9070801
  14. Sugiyono. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta; 2010.
  15. Bhardwaj P. Types of sampling in research. J Pract Cardiovasc Sci. 2019;5(3):157–63.
  16. Thivel D, Tremblay A, Genin PM, Panahi S, Riviere D, Duclos M. Physical activity, inactivity, and sedentary behaviors: definitions and implications in occupational health. Front Public Heal. 2018;6:288. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00288
  17. Pengpid S, Peltzer K, Kassean HK, Tsala JPT, Sychareun V, Muller-Riemenschneider F. Physical inactivity and associated factors among university students in 23 low-, middle- and high-income countries. Int J Public Health. 2015;60(5):539–49. doi: 10.1007/s00038-015-0680-0
  18. IPAQ Research Committee. Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). IPAQ Research Committee; 2005.
  19. Mahar TF. Reliability and validity of questionnaire measures of sedentary time in adolescents. United States: University of Georgia; 2016.
  20. Nugraheni H, Murwani R, Shaluhiyah Z, Widjanarko B. Physical activity and sedentary life of students. Ann Trop Med Public Heal. 2021;24(1).
  21. Rizal DM, Wibowo RA. Changes in physical activity among university students in Indonesia from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Population and Social Studies. 2021;30:128–46.
  22. Knittle K, Nurmi J, Crutzen R, Hankonen N, Beattie M, Dombrowski SU. How can interventions increase motivation for physical activity? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev. 2018;12(3):211–30. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2018.1435299
  23. Goodyear VA, Boardley I, Chiou S-Y, Fenton SAM, Makopoulou K, Stathi A, et al. Social media use informing behaviours related to physical activity, diet and quality of life during COVID-19: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1333. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11398-0
  24. Shimoga S V, Erlyana E, Rebello V. Associations of social media use with physical activity and sleep adequacy among adolescents: cross-sectional survey. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(6): e14290. doi: 10.2196/14290
  25. Peterson NE, Sirard JR, Kulbok PA, DeBoer MD, Erickson JM. Sedentary behavior and physical activity of young adult university students. Res Nurs Health. 2018;41(1):30–8. doi: 10.1002/nur.21845
  26. Diaz KM, Thanataveerat A, Parsons FE, Yoon S, Cheung YK, Alcantara C, et al. The influence of daily stress on sedentary behavior: group and person (N of 1) level results of a 1-year observational study. Psychosom Med. 2018;80(7):620–7. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000610
  27. Riskawati YK, Prabowo ED, Rasyid H Al. Tingkat aktivitas fisik mahasiswa program studi pendidikan dokter tahun kedua, ketiga, keempat. Majalah Kesehatan FKUB. 2018;5(1):26–32. doi: 10.21776/ub.majalahkesehatan.005.01.4
  28. Armstrong S, Wong CA, Perrin E, Page S, Sibley L, Skinner A. Association of physical activity with income, race/ethnicity, and sex among adolescents and young adults in the United States: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2016. JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172(8):732–40. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1273
  29. Mielke GI, Brown WJ, Nunes BP, Silva ICM, Hallal PC. Socioeconomic correlates of sedentary behavior in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Sport Med. 2017;47(1):61–75. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0555-4



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.76302

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1019 | views : 1118

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats