Macronutrient, nutritional status, and anemia incidence in adolescents at Islamic boarding school

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.63122

Kartika Pibriyanti(1*), Lola Zahro(2), Safira Kholifatul Ummah(3), Lulu’ Luthfiya(4), Fitri Komala Sari(5)

(1) Nutritional Science Department, Faculy of Health, University of Darussalam Gontor, Ngawi, Indonesia
(2) Nutritional Science Department, Faculy of Health, University of Darussalam Gontor, Ngawi, Indonesia
(3) Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
(4) Nutritional Science Department, Faculy of Health, University of Darussalam Gontor, Ngawi, Indonesia
(5) Nutritional Science Department, Faculy of Health, University of Darussalam Gontor, Ngawi, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Anemia occurs due to the body's loss of red blood cells and decreased iron absorption. Globally, it is known that the prevalence of anemia is 1.62 billion, with the majority of anemia sufferers being a group of women who are not pregnant, as many as 468.4 million people. In addition, the highest prevalence of anemia in the group of school-age girls is 47.4%, while in men, only 12.7%.

Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between macronutrients and nutritional status with the anemia accident in adolescents at Islamic Boarding schools.

Methods: This study used a case-control design with matching criteria aged 15-19 years, not menstruating, not fasting. Sampling with quota sampling of late adolescents with a population of 15-19 years 1,359 people, anemic case sample of 46 people and control without anemia 46 people, intake questionnaire using the SQ-FFQ, statistical test with Chi-Square.

Results: There was a significant relationship between macronutrient intake [energy p=0.048; OR=3.3 (CI 0.965-11.28), protein p=0.036; OR=3.98 (CI 1.018-15.57)] and nutritional status [p=0.024; OR=5.35 (CI 1.088-26.32)] with anemia incidence. Less energy intake has a risk of 3.3 times anemia, lack of protein intake has a risk of 3.98 times, and malnutrition has a risk of anemia of 5.35 times.

Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between energy, protein intake, and nutritional status with anemia incidents. Nutritional status has the strongest association with anemia.

 

* Presented at the International Nutrition and Health Symposium (INHESION) on Sunday, November 15th, 2020, in Yogyakarta, organized by HIMAGIKA and the Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada


Keywords


anemia; energy intake; nutritional status; protein intake

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) Indonesia tahun 2018. [series online] 2018 [cited 2020 Sep 9]. Available from: URL: http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf
  2. Hoffbrand A. Kapita selekta hematologi (terjemahan). Edisi ke-6. Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran; 2013.
  3. Rani GS, Suryaprabha ML. Prevalence of anaemia and factors influencing anaemia in adolscent girls in urban and rural area of a South Indian city: a comparative study. Int J Pharm Bio Sci. 2013;4(4):B1352–8.
  4. Manuaba IAC, Manuaba IBGF, Manuaba IBG. Ilmu kebidanan penyakit kandungan dan keluarga berencana edisi 2. Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran; 2010.
  5. Marmi. Gizi dalam kesehatan reproduksi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2013.
  6. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Petunjuk teknis pemberian makanan tambahan. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2017.
  7. Bakta I. Hematologi klinik singkat. Jakarta: EGC; 2006.
  8. Sopiyudin D. Besar sampel dalam penelitian kedokteran dan kesehatan. Jakarta: Epidemiologi Indonesia; 2016.
  9. Murti B. Prinsip dan metode riset epidemiologi edisi 5. Surakarta: Universitas Sebelas Maret; 2018.
  10. Harjatmo T, Par’i H, Wiyono S. Penilaian status gizi. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2017.
  11. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 Tentang Standar Antropometri Anak. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2020.
  12. Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskuler Indonesia. Panduan tata laksana dislipidemia. Jakarta: PDSK Indonesia.; 2017.
  13. World Health Organisation (WHO). Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
  14. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 Tahun 2019 Tentang Angka Kecukupan Gizi Yang Dianjurkan Untuk Masyarakat Indonesia. Jakarta; Kemenkes RI; 2019.
  15. Rosyidi W. Warta dunia pondok modern Darussalam Gontor. Jawa Timur: Darussalam Press; 2019
  16. Agustina EE. Hubungan antara asupan zat gizi energi, protein, zat besi dan pola menstruasi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri berdasarkan jenjang pendidikan di Kabupaten Kebumen. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Presentasi Hasil-Hasil Penelitian Pengabdian Masyarakat; 2017 September 23. [series online] 2018 [cited 2020 Sep 9]. Available from: URL: https://ojs.stikesylpp.ac.id/index.php/JBP/issue/view/27/7
  17. Aritonang E, Siagian A. Relation between food consumption and anemia in children in primary school in a final disposal waste area. Pakistan J Nutr. 2017;16(4):242–8. doi: 10.3923/pjn.2017.242.248
  18. Corwin EJ. Handbook of pathophysiologi, 3rd Ed. Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran; 2009.
  19. Gropper SS, Smith JL, Carr TP. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 8th edition. Boston: Cengage Learning, Inc; 2021.
  20. Husmann F, Stierli L, Bräm DS, Zeder C, Krämer SD. Kinetics of iron absorption from ferrous fumarate with and without galacto-oligosaccharides determined from stable isotope appearance curves in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022;115(3):949–57. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab361
  21. Fessler MB, Rose K, Zhang Y, Jaramillo R, Zeldin DC. Relationship between serum cholesterol and indices of erythrocytes and platelets in the US population. J Lipid Res. 2013;54(11):3177–88. doi: 10.1194/jlr.P037614
  22. Sholihah N, Andari S, Wirjatmadi B. Hubungan tingkat konsumsi protein, vitamin C, zat besi, dan asam folat dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri SMA N 4 Surabaya. Amerta Nutr. 2019;3(3):135–41.
  23. Choiriyah E. Hubungan tingkat asupan protein, zat besi dan vitamin C dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri kelas X dan XI SMA Negeri 1 Polokarto Kabupaten Sukoharjo [Skripsi]. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2015.
  24. Denistikasari R. Hubungan antara asupan protein, zat besi (Fe) dan vitamin C dengan kejadian anemia pada siswi SMK Penerbangan Bina Dhirgantara Karanganyar [Skripsi]. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2016.
  25. Angraini DI, Wijaya S. The analysis of chronic energy malnutrition and iron intake with anemia in preconception women of childbearing age in Terbanggi Besar Subdistrict, District of Central Lampung. KnE Life Sci. 2019;4(10):122. doi: 10.18502/kls.v4i10.3714
  26. Gasong LS, Damayanthi E, Marliyati SA, Martianto D. The relationship between nutritional status and nutrient intake with anemia incidence in adolescent girls in Kupang Indonesia. International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences And Research. 2019;10(9):4251–6. doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.10(9).4251-56
  27. Jho YL, Ping MF, Natalia E. Indeks massa tubuh remaja putri pada kejadian anemia di Asrama Melanie Samarinda. Mahakam Nursing Journal). 2020;2(7):305-10. doi: 10.35963/mnj.v2i7.170
  28. Indartati D, Kartini A. Hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri. J Nutr Coll. 2014;3(2):310–6. doi: 10.14710/jnc.v3i2.5438



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.63122

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2114 | views : 1744

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats