Dietary acid load berhubungan dengan sindrom metabolik dan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswi obesitas

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.59033

Firdananda Fikri Jauharany(1*), Martha Irene Kartasurya(2), Apoina Kartini(3), Fillah Fithra Dieny(4), Dian Ratna Sawitri(5), Etika Ratna Noer(6)

(1) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(2) Departemen Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(3) Departemen Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(4) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(5) Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(6) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The dietary acid load was associated with metabolic syndrome and mental health among obese college students

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been increasing every year in the young population. The western diet is one of the causes that makes excess acid in the body called a dietary acid load. On the other hand, the high dietary acid load was associated with decreased mental health status.

Objective: To examine the association between dietary acid load and the risk of metabolic syndrome and mental health.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 115 female students in Semarang aged 18-22 years. The dietary acid load was evaluated through a potential renal acid load (PRAL), the risk score for metabolic syndrome was calculated by Metabolic syndrome risk score. Mental health status was assessed through levels of self-esteem and levels of anxiety. The level of self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale questionnaire, while the level of anxiety was measured by the State Anxiety Inventory questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models with adjustment for a potential cofounding variable were used to evaluate the association between dietary acid load with metabolic syndrome scores, self-esteem scores, and anxiety scores.

Results: The mean PRAL score was 6.11 ± 9.72 mEq/day indicated the intake of the subjects was the dietary acid load. 13% of subjects had metabolic syndrome, and 87% had a pre-metabolic syndrome. 36.5% of the subjects have low self-esteem scores. The anxiety level score calculation shows that 59.1% of the subjects are at high risk of anxiety. Pearson test showed that PRAL scores were correlated with anxiety scores (r=0,669; p<0,001). The linear regression test showed that PRAL scores were correlated with metabolic syndrome scores (β=0.899; p<0.001) and self-esteem scores (β =-0.069; p=0.047).

Conclusions: High dietary acid load may be a risk factor related to the development of metabolic disorders and decreased mental health status in females with obesity.


Keywords


anxiety; dietary acid load; metabolic syndrome; obesity; self-esteem

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.59033

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