Pengaruh durasi senam diabetes pada penurunan glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe II

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.45498

Weni Kurdanti(1*), Tri Mei Khasana(2)

(1) Jurusan Gizi, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Yogyakarta
(2) Program Studi S1 Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Respati Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: The management of DM focused on four pillars: education, nutrition therapy, physical exercise, and pharmacological interventions. In type 2 diabetes, physical activity functions primarily in controlling diabetes.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of differences in the duration of aerobic exercise on blood glucose levels.

Method: This was quasi-experimental research with pre-post test design. A total of 24 respondents with type 2 diabetes were divided into two groups consisting of groups A that received aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes and group B received aerobic exercise with a duration of 60 minutes for 6 weeks and frequency of exercise 3 times each week. Statistical tests use paired t-tests and independent t-tests.

Results: The mean post-test blood sugar level based on HbA1c measurements in group A was 7.92±1.56% while group B was 7.13±0.99%. Mean pre-test - post-test blood sugar levels in the two groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Aerobic exercise for 6 weeks with a frequency of 3 times each week can reduce HbA1c by -2.5±0.96% in group A while group B increased by 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between two groups (p=0.021).

Conclusion: Aerobic exercise with a duration of 30 minutes for 6 weeks 3 times each week can reduce blood glucose (HbA1c) by -2.5±0.96% while the group duration of aerobic exercise 60 minutes an increase of 0.02±0.29%. There is a significant difference in HbA1c before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise between the two groups.


Keywords


aerobic exercise; blood glucose; diabetes mellitus type II; HbA1c

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. Konsensus pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia. Jakarta: PB. PERKENI; 2011.
  2. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Riset kesehatan dasar 2013. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Depkes RI; 2014.
  3. Puskesmas Godean 1. Profil Kesehatan Puskesmas Godean 1. Yogyakarta: Puskesmas Godean 1; 2014.
  4. Soegondo S, Soewondo P, Subekti I. Penatalaksanaan diabetes melitus terpadu. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI; 2009.
  5. Thent ZC, Das S, Henry LJ. Role of exercise in the management of diabetes mellitus: the global scenario. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e80436. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080436.
  6. Kourtoglou GI. Insulin therapy and exercise. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Aug;93 Suppl 1:S73-7. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8227(11)70017-1.
  7. Arisman. Obesitas, diabetes mellitus, dan dislipidemia. Jakarta: ECG; 2011.
  8. Ilyas EI. Olahraga bagi Diabetesi. Dalam: Soegondo S, Soewondo P, Subekti I, editor. Penatalaksaan diabetes melitus terpadu bagi dokter maupun edukator diabetes. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2011.
  9. Sinaga J, Hondro E. Pengaruh senam diabetes mellitus terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darusalalm Medan 2011. Jurnal Mutiara Ners [series online] 2012 [cited September 2016];1(7):1-7. Available online: URL: http://lppm.sari-mutiara.ac.id/artikel-209.html
  10. Mc.Wright B. Panduan bagi penderita diabetes. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka; 2008.
  11. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes mellitus and exercise. Diabetes Care 2002; 25(suppl 1): s64-s64. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.2007.S64
  12. Haznam. Endokrinologi. Bandung: Angkasa Offset; 1991.
  13. Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance versus insulin deficiency in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: problems and prospects. Endocr Rev 1998;19(4):477-90. doi: 10.1210/edrv.19.4.0336
  14. Balducci S, Zanuso S, Cardelli P, Salvi L, Bazuro A, Italian Diabetes Exercise Study (IDES) Investigators, et al. Effect of high- versus low-intensity supervised aerobic and resistance training on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes; the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e49297. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049297.
  15. Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Wasserman DH, Castaneda-Sceppa C, White RD. Physical activity/exercise and type 2 diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(6):1433-8. doi: 10.2337/dc06-9910.
  16. Powers AC. Diabetes mellitus. In: Longo DL, Faucy AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrison’s internal medicine (18th ed). United States of America: The McGraw-Hill Company; 2012.
  17. Church ST, Balir SN, Cocreham S, Johannsen N, Johnson W, Earnest CP, et al. Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;304(20):2253-62. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1710.
  18. Tandra H. Diabetes: tanya jawab lengkap dengan ahlinya. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2008.
  19. Jelantik IMG, Haryati E. Hubungan faktor risiko umur, jenis kelamin, kegemukan dan hipertensi dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus tipe II di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mataram. Media Bina Ilmiah 2014;8(1):39-44.
  20. Sanjaya AF, Huda M. Pengaruh senam diabetes terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes mellitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Peterongan Jombang. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing) [series online] 2016 [cited September 2016];2(1):6-14. Available online: URL: http://journal.stikespemkabjombang.ac.id/index.php/jikep/article/view/12
  21. Xu A, Wang Y, Lam KSL. Adiponektin. Dalam: Fantuzzi G, Mazzone T. Nutrition & helath: adipose tissue and adipokines in health and disease. New Jersey: Humana Press; 2007.
  22. Sari RN. Diabetes Melitus. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika; 2012.
  23. Boulé NG, Haddad E, Kenny GP, Wells GA, Sigal RJ. Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trialse. JAMA 2001;286(10):1218-27. doi: 10.1001/jama.286.10.1218.
  24. Umpierre D, Ribeiro PA, Kramer CK, Leitão CB, Zucatti AT, Schaan BD, et al. Physical activity advice only or structured exercise training and association with HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2011;305(17):1790-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.576.
  25. Nutall FQ, Gannon MC. Dietary protein and the blood glucose concentration. Diabetes Care 2013;62(5):1371-2. doi: 10.2337/db12-1829.
  26. Erlina L., 2010. Pengaruh senam diabetes terhadap kadar glukosa darah pasien DM tipe 2 di RSU Unit Swadana Daerah Kabupaten Sumedang. Available online: http://stikesayani.ac.id/publikasi/e-journal/filesx/2010/201008/201008-001.pdf
  27. Santoso M. Senam diabetes seri 3. Jakarta: Yayasan Diabetes Indonesia; 2006.
  28. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of dibetes mellitus. Dalam: Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam edisi III jilid IV. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI; 2014.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.45498

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 5222 | views : 8615

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats