Faktor individu dan lingkungan dengan citra tubuh pada santri putri di pondok pesantren

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.36044

Labiqotul Fatiyasani(1), Ika Ratna Palupi(2*), Tjaronosari Tjaronosari(3)

(1) Departemen Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Gizi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Jurusan Gizi, Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Perception and judgment against one’s own body is called body image. Limited studies have been performed on body image of the population living in boarding schools who has relatively homogeneous environmental characteristics and restricted access towards communication media.

Objective: To determine the correlation between individual factors and environmental factors with body image of female students at religious boarding school.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 142 female students aged 15-19 years old in Islamic Centre Bin Baz (ICBB) boarding school Bantul. Individual factors included nutritional status, nutritional knowledge, and self-esteem, respectively measured by using BMI/age that interpreted using manual from Ministry of Health 2010, multiple choice questionnaire, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Environmental factors encompassed culture, social economic status, and social support, respectively measured by using check lists of parent’s ethnics, social economic status questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire Number (SSQN) and Social Support Questionnaire Satisfaction (SSQS). Body image was measured using CDRS (The Contour Drawing Rating Scale) form. All variables were tested using chi square test and logistic regression.

Results: Individual factors that had significant correlations with body image were nutritional status (p<0.05; RP=1.3; 95%CI=2.68-2.83) and self-esteem (p<0.05; OR=21.3; 95%CI=3.97-114.3). Meanwhile, for environmental factors, they were social economic status (p<0.05) and social support satisfaction (p<0.05; 95%CI=0.02-0.95).

Conclusion: Individual and environmental factors have correlation with body image of female students at religious boarding school.


Keywords


boarding school; body image; environment factor; female adolescent; individual factor

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Fauzi CA. Pengetahuan dan perilaku gizi seimbang menurut pesan ke-6, 10, 11, 12 dari Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS) pada remaja. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi 2012;3(2):91-105.
  2. Mcguire M, Beerman KA. Nutritional sciences: from fundamentals to food. Belmont: Wadsworth; 2011.
  3. Santrock JW. Perkembangan masa hidup jilid 1. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga; 2011.
  4. Vonderen KEV, Kinnally W. Media effects on body image: examining media exposure in the broader context of internal and other social factors. American Communication Journal 2012;14(2):41-57.
  5. Lefaan P. Hubungan antara faktor lingkungan, citra tubuh dan diet penurunan berat badan pada remaja putri di SMA di Distrik Abepura Kota Jayapura [Tesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2012.
  6. Rusello S. The impact of media exposure on self-esteem and body satisfaction in men and women. Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research 2009:1(4):1-13.
  7. Feist J, Feist GJ. Theories of personality. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2006.
  8. Wang D, Shi Y, Chang C, Stewart D, Ji Y, Harris N, et al. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour regarding nutrition and dietary intake of seventh-grade students in rural areas of Mi Yun County, Beijing, China. Environ Health Prev Med 2014;19(3):179-86.
  9. Tarigan N, Hadi H, Julia M. Hubungan citra tubuh dengan status obesitas, aktivitas fisik, dan asupan energi remaja SLTP di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 2005;1(3):130-6.
  10. Sulistyan A, Huriyati E, Hastuti J. Distorsi citra tubuh, perilaku makan dan fad diet pada remaja putri di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 2016;12(3):99-107.
  11. Fitria N, Sudargo T, Huriyati E. Hubungan ketidakpuasan citra tubuh dan perilaku makan dengan status gizi santri di Pondok Pesantren Mubtadi Aat, Lirboyo, Kediri [Tesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2016.
  12. Sudrajat SS, Sinaga T. Analisis biaya makan terhadap ketersediaan makanan serta tingkat kecukupan gizi santri di Pondok Pesantren Darul Arqam Garut. Gizi Indon 2016;39(2):115-24.
  13. Rokhmah F, Muniroh L, Nindya TS. Hubungan tingkat kecukupan energi dan zat gizi makro dengan status gizi siswi SMA di Pondok Pesantren AL-Izzah Kota Batu. Media Gizi Indones 2017;11(1):94-100.
  14. Sya’bani IRN, Sumarmi S. Hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah 2016;1(1):7-15.
  15. Emilia E. Pengembangan alat ukur pengetahuan, sikap dan praktek gizi pada remaja [Tesis]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor; 2008.
  16. Larasati WP. Meningkatkan self esteem melalui metode self instruction [Tesis]. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2012.
  17. Istafada A. Hubungan antara status sosial ekonomi dengan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) pada siswa di SD Muhammadiyah Senggotan Kecamatan Kasihan Kabupaten Bantul [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2010.
  18. Hastoro D. Hubungan dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan derajat depresi pada siswa sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Yogyakarta [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2011.
  19. Habibah N. Hubungan paparan korean wave melalui media informasi dengan body image dan risiko eating disorder pada remaja putri SMA Kota Yoygakarta [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2014.
  20. Mase T. Influences of peers’ and family members’ body shapes on perception of body image and desire for thinness in Japanese female students. Int J Womens Health 2015;24(7):625-33.
  21. Norton K, Olds T. Anthropometrica: a textbook of body measurement for sports and health courses. Adelaide: UNSW Press; 2004.
  22. Tarwoto, dkk. Kesehatan remaja problem dan solusinya. Jakarta: Salemba Medika; 2010.
  23. Lubans DR, Cliff DP. Muscular fitness, body composition and physical self-perception in adolescents. J Sci Med Sport 2011;14(3):216-21.
  24. Pelegrini A, Coquiero Rda S, Beck CC, Ghedin KD, Lopes Ada S, Petroski EL. Dissatisfaction with body image among adolescent students: association with socio-demographic factors and nutritional status. Ciên Saúde Colet 2014;19(4):1201-8.
  25. Wichstrom L, von Soest T. Reciprocal relations between body satisfaction and selfesteem: a large 13-year prospective study of adolescents. J Adolesc 2016;47:16-27.
  26. Danielsen YS, Stormark KM, Nordhus IH, Mæhle M, Pallesen S, et al. Factors associated with low self-esteem in children with overweight. Obes Fact 2012;5(5):722-33.
  27. Swami V, Jaafar JL. Factor structure of the body appreciation scale among indonesian women and men: further evidence of a two-factor solution in a non-western population. Body Image 2012;9(4):539-42.
  28. Helfert S, Warschburger P. The face of appearance-related sosial pressure: gender, age and body mass variations in peer and parental pressure during adolescence. Child Adolesc Psychiaty Ment Health 2013;7(1):16.
  29. Tiggemann M. Considerations of positive body image acrossvarious social identitiesand special populations. Body Image 2015;14:168-76.
  30. van den Berg PA, Mond J, Eisenberg M, Ackard D, Neumark-Sztainer D. The link between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem in adolescents: similarities across gender, age, weight status, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. J Adolesc Health 2010;47(3):290-6.
  31. Chang CT, Garg P, Giddon DB. Boarding school influence on self-reported concern for body and face morphology. Asian J Psychiatr 2016;22:96-101.
  32. Cordero ED. Self-esteem, social support, collectivism, and the thin-ideal in Latina College Undergraduates. Body Image 2011;8(1):82-5.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.36044

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 5536 | views : 6886

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats