Perbedaan asupan energi dan zat gizi makro berdasarkan kejadian risiko KEK pada ibu hamil

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.33732

Muhammad Ainur Rifki(1), Laras Sitoayu(2*), Nazhif Gifari(3), Rachmanida Nuzrina(4), Putri Ronitawati(5)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Gizi Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia
(2) Program Studi Ilmu Gizi Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia
(3) Program Studi Ilmu Gizi Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia
(4) Program Studi Ilmu Gizi Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia
(5) Program Studi Ilmu Gizi Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta Barat, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The differences in energy and macronutrient intake based on risk of chronic energy deficiency for pregnant women

Background: Pregnancy is an essential period in forming the quality of human resources that requires adequate intake of energy and macronutrients for development and growth in the fetus and maintaining nutritional status in pregnant women.

Objective: The study aims to determine the differences in energy and macronutrient intake based on chronic energy deficiency (CED), a condition characterized by long-term inadequate energy intake, among pregnant women in Bengkulu Province.

Method: This research was used in a cross-sectional research design. The number of samples was 1,167 respondents, taken using total sampling techniques and conducted in Bengkulu Province. The data used secondary data from the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Health Survey in 2016. Data analysis in the study used the Mann-Whitney test and multiple logistic regression.

Results: The results of this research show the average intake of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates in respondents who are at risk of CED respectively are 1,478±48 kcal; 53±2 g; 30±2 g; 24±9 g; and for the average intake of respondents who are not the risk of CED respectively are1,647±18 kcal; 58±1 g; 34±1 g; 262±3 g. The results showed that there was a difference between energy intake (p=0.013), protein (p=0.035), and carbohydrate (p=0.035) based on the incidence of CED risk in pregnant women.

Conclusion: Based on the dietary intake analysis of pregnant women, there were differences between the risk of CED and those not at risk of CED. Therefore, pregnant who risk CED must be given a balanced diet (energy and macronutrients) to improve their nutritional status during pregnancy.


Keywords


chronic energy deficiency; energy intake; macronutrients; pregnant women

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Yu ZB, Han SP, Cao XG, Guo XR. Intelligence in relation to obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2010;11(9):656–70. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00656.x
  2. Han Z, Mulla S, Beyene J, Liao G, McDonald SD; Knowledge Synthesis Group. Maternal underweight and the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40(1):65–101. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyq195
  3. Kemenkes RI. Riset kesehatan dasar. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2018.
  4. Kemenkes RI. Hasil pemantauan status gizi. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2018.
  5. Subasinghe AK, Walker KZ, Evans RG, Srikanth V, Arabshahi S, Thrift AG, et al. Association between farming and chronic energy deficiency in rural South India. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e87423. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087423
  6. Wijanti RE, Rahmaningtyas I, Suwoyo. Analisis faktor determinan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di RSIA Citra Keluarga Kediri tahun 2015. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan. 2016;5(1):73–86. doi: 10.32831/jik.v5i1.117
  7. Fentie M, Mesele Wassie M, Tesfahun A, et al. Chronic energy deficiency and associated factors among adults living with HIV in Gondar University Referral Hospital Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Nutr. 2017;3(11). doi: 10.1186/s40795-017-0129-3
  8. Keino S, Plasqui G, van den Borne B. Household food insecurity access: a predictor of overweight and underweight among Kenyan women. Agric & Food Secur. 2014;3(2). doi: 10.1186/2048-7010-3-2
  9. Irianto K. Gizi seimbang dalam kesehatan reproduksi. Bandung: Penerbit Alfabeta; 2014.
  10. Nuraini SA, Pujiastuti W, Widatiningsih S. Ibu hamil kekurangan energi kronis (KEK) berisiko melahirkan bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) di Puskesmas Garung Kabupaten Wonosobo. Jurnal Kebidanan. 2016;5(10):265–74.
  11. Soltani H, Lipoeto NI, Fair FJ, Kilner K, Yusrawati Y. Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain and their effects on pregnancy and birth outcomes: a cohort study in West Sumatra, Indonesia. BMC Womens Health. 2017;17(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0455-2
  12. Delaram M, HasanPoor A, Noorian K, Kazemian A. Impact of early admission in labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes in Hajar Health-Care Center of Shahr-e-Kord, Iran. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2007;14(3):9–15.
  13. Bustos M, Venkataramanan R, Caritis S. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy - what's new?. Auton Neurosci. 2017;202:62–72. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2016.05.002
  14. Darawati M. Gizi IBU Hamil. In: Ilmu gizi teori dan aplikasi. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran, EGC; 2016.
  15. Petrika Y, Hadi H, Nurdiati DS. Tingkat asupan energi dan ketersediaan pangan berhubungan dengan risiko kekurangan energi kronik (KEK) pada ibu hamil. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia. 2014;2(3):140–9. doi: 10.21927/ijnd.2014.2(3).140-149
  16. Rahmawati W, Wirawan NN, Wilujeng CS, Fadhilah E, Nugroho FA, Ventyaningsih ADI, et al. Gambaran masalah gizi pada 1000 HPK di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition. 2016;3(1):20–31. doi: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.Suplemen.3
  17. Xiao L, Ding G, Vinturache A, Xu J, Ding Y, Ben X, et al. Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with birth outcomes in Shanghai, China. Sci Rep. 2017;7:41073. doi: 10.1038/srep41073
  18. Donmez S, Guner O. Relationship between weight pre-pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy with preterm birth. J Nutr Heal Sci. 2017;4(2):1–5.
  19. Laraeni Y, Sofiyatin R, Hikmah SN. Perbedaan status ekonomi, tingkat konsumsi energi dan protein ibu hamil yang KEK dan Non KEK di Kelurahan Bintaro Kecamatan Ampenan. Media Bina Ilmiah. 2017;21–30.
  20. Sirajuddin KG. Analisis hubungan pengeluaran, asupan protein dan kejadian kekurangan energi kronik pada wanita dewasa di Sulawesi Selatan. Media Gizi Pangan. 2010;44–9.
  21. Aprianto, Sriyoto, Nusril. Analisis pola konsumsi ikan di Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Agrisep: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis. 2017;16(2):237–50. doi: 10.31186/jagrisep.16.2.237-250
  22. Branca F, Piwoz E, Schultink W, Sullivan LM. Nutrition and health in women, children, and adolescent girls. BMJ. 2015;351:h4173. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h4173
  23. Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Maternal and Child Undernutrition Study Group, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet. 2008;371(9608):243-60. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61690-0



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.33732

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 612 | views : 360

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats