LIVESTOCK BREEDING AND REPRODUCTION IN INDONESIA: PAST AND FUTURE



Maria Astuti(1*), Wartomo Hardjosubroto(2), Sunardi Sunardi(3), Sigit Bintara(4)

(1) Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(2) Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(3) Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(4) Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This paper presents the documented information of livestock breeding and
reproduction at two difierent time periods, during the Dutch occupation and afier the
independence. The objective of the breeding program during t.he Dutch occupation
especially was to overcome the need of drafi cattle. They imported Ongole cattle
from India, which then became the Sumba Ongole cattle. This cattle was crossed
with the Java native cattle to produce Ongole Grade cattle, which then became the
most popular cattle in the country. Some of these cattle were crossed with imported
Friesian Holstein dairy cattle to increase the total number of dairy cattle. After the
independence especially since the use of frozen semen in artificial insemination (AI)
was popular, the Indonesian govemment imported difierent breeds of beef cattle to
cross with the local cattle. Several breeding stations and AI centers were established
to improve the genetic make up of livestock. The results achieved, the problems met
and the failures will be discussed. Further fixture breeding strategies and
reproduction technologies for livestock improvement are proposed.


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