* Corresponding Author
Migration Trajectories among Rural Households in Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.57819 Agus Joko Pitoyo(1), Idris Ihwanudin(2), Sukamdi Sukamdi(3), Muhammad Arif Fahrudin Alfana(4), Seri Aryati(5*)
(1) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Center for Population and Policy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(5) Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
International migration trajectory is one of the important aspects discussed when viewing the migration culture of a region. The specific types and patterns created are unique and dependent on the length of the migration history. Therefore, this study is aimed to explain the migration history carried out by residents in Ponorogo Regency, East Java Province, and the factors that influence international migration. This is a survey research of 515 international migrants. The results showed that the migration pattern in Ponorogo Regency was divided into one, two, and three destination countries with temporal space-related cultural factors used to determine an important influence on rural households' ability to work abroad. Similar to other studies, age and gender are the two key variables related to migration trajectories in Ponorogo Regency.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adams, R.H.J, and Page, J. (2005). Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries? World Development 33(10): 1645–1669
Araujo, S and González-Fernández, T. (2014) International migration, public policies and domestic work: Latin American migrant women in the Spanish domestic work sector. Women’s Studies International Forum 46: 13–23.
Arlini, S. M., Yeoh, B. S. A., Yen, K. C. and Graham, E (2019) Parental migration and the educational enrolment of left-behind children: evidence from rural Ponorogo, Indonesia, Asian Population Studies, 15:2, 190-208, DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2019.1609294
Azizi, S. (2019). The impacts of workers’ remittances on poverty and inequality in developing countries. Empir Econ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-019-01764-8
Bonifazi, C. (2008). Evolution of regional patterns of international migration in Europe. In C. Bonifazi, M. Okólski, J. Schoorl, and P. Simon (Eds.), International migration in Europe: New trends and new methods of analysis (IMISCOE research, pp. 107–128). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Boyd, M. (1989). Family and Personal Networks in International Migration: Recent Developments and New Agendas. The International Migration Review, 23(3), 638-670. doi:10.2307/2546433
Center for Population and Policy Studies Gadjah Mada University and National Singapore of University. (2016). Survey of CHAMPSEA (Child Health and Migrant Parents in South-East Asia) in Indonesia. Indonesia
CNN Indonesia. (2018). Pekerja Migran Indonesia Alirkan Devisa negara Rp. 70 Triliun. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20180530183040-92-302325/pekerja-migran-indonesia-alirkan-devisa-negara-rp70-triliun. Retrieved August 09, 2019.
Curran, S. R. and Saguy, A. C. (2001). Migration and Cultural Change: A Role for Gender and Social Networks?. Journal of International Women's Studies, 2(3), 54-77. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol2/iss3/4
Curran, S.R., Rivero-Fuentes, E. (2003). Engendering migrant networks: The case of Mexican migration. Demography 40, 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2003.0011
Davis, B., Stecklov, G., and Winters, P. (2002). Domestic and international migration from rural Mexico: Disaggregating the effects of network structure and composition. Population Studies, 56, 291–309.
De Haas, H. (2010). The internal dynamics of migration processes: A theoretical inquiry. J. Ethn. Migr. Stud. 2010, 36, 1587–1617.
Del Rey Poveda, A. (2007). Determinants and consequences of internal and international migration: The case of rural populations in the south of Veracruz, Mexico. Demographic Research, 16, 287-314. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/26347936
Eckstein, S. and Peri, G. (2018). Immigrant Niches and Immigrant Networks in the U.S. Labor Market. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 4(1), 1-17. doi:10.7758/rsf.2018.4.1.01
Fassmann, H. and Munz, R. (1992). Patterns and Trends of International Migration in Western Europe. Population and Development Review, 18(3), 457–480. https://doi.org/10.2307/1973654
Finnie, R. (2004). Who Moves? ALogit Model Analysis of Inter-Provincial Migration in Canada. Applied Economics. Vol 36. pp. 1759-1779.
Ford, M. (2006). Migrant Worker Organizing in Indonesia. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 15(3), 313–334. https://doi.org/10.1177/011719680601500302
Geisen T. (2012) Understanding Cultural Differences as Social Limits to Learning: Migration Theory, Culture and Young Migrants. In: Bekerman Z., Geisen T. (eds) International Handbook of Migration, Minorities and Education. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1466-3_3
Gheasi, M and Nijkamp, P. (2017). A Brief Overview of International Migration Motives and Impacts, with Specific Reference to FDI. Economies, MDPI, Open Access Journal, vol. 5(3), pages 1-11, August.
Greenwood, M.J., Mueser, P.R., Plane, D.A., Schlottmann, A.M. (1991). New directions in migration research. Ann. Reg. Sci. 1991, 25, 237–270.
Gungwu, W. (1985). Migration Patterns In History: Malaysia And The Region. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 58(1 (248)), 43–57. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41493000
Haryono, T.J.S. (1999). Dampak Urbanisasi terhadap Masyarakat di Daerah Asal. Jurnal Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, XII(4), 67-78.
Harris, J. R., and M.P. Todaro. (1970). Migration, unemployment and development: A two-sector analysis. American Economic Review 60: 126–42.
Hugo, G. (2002). Effects of International Migration on the Family in Indonesia. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal: APMJ 11(1):13-46. DOI: 10.1177/011719680201100102
Hugo, G.J. (2004). International Migration in Southeast Asia Since World War II. Dalam Aris Ananta dan Evi Nurvidya Anwar (eds). International Migration in Southeast Asia. Singapore: ISEAS, pp. 28-70.
Ignacio, E and Meijia, Y. (2009). Managing labour migration: the case of the Filipino and Indonesian domestic helper market in Hong Kong. ILO Working Papers 994327253402676, International Labour Organization.
Jacobs, P. (2012). The Role of Educational Attainment in Migration Probability and DestinationChoice for the Metropolitan Rust Belt, 1970-2000. All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1301. Utah State University
Kandel, W. and Massey, D. S. (2002). The culture of Mexican migration: A theoretical and empirical analysis. Social Forces, 80(3), 981–1004. doi:10.1353/sof.2002.0009
Kaska, S. (2006). The New International Migration and Migrant Women in Turkey: The Case of The Moldovan Domestic Workers, MiReKoc Research Projects 2005–2006
Khoo, C.Y., et al., (2014). Gendered Migration Patterns, Processes and Outcomes: Results from a Household Survey in Ponorogo, Indonesia. Migrating out of Poverty Research Programme Consortium Working Paper 46, University of Sussex.
Khoo, C.Y, Maria Platt and Brenda S. A. Yeoh (2017) Who Migrates? Tracking Gendered Access to Migration Within Households “In Flux” Across Time, Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies, 15(3), 326-343, DOI: 10.1080/15562948.2017.1283456
King, R. (2012). Theories and Typologies of Migration: An Overview and a Primer. Willy Brandt Series of Working Papers in International Migration and Ethnic Relations Working Papers. 3/12; Malmo: University Malmö.
Lam, T. and Yeoh, B. S. A. (2016). Migrant mothers, left-behind fathers: The negotiation of gender subjectivities in Indonesia and the Philippines. Gender, Place and Culture, 25(1), 1–14. doi:10.1080/ 0966369X.2016.124934
Lee, E.S. (1966). A Theory of Migration. Demography, Vol. 3, No. 1. (1966), pp. 47-57. URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0070-3370%281966%293%3A1%3C47%3AATOM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B
Liao T.F. and Gan R. Y. (2020) Filipino and Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers in Hong Kong: Their Life Courses in Migration. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(6):740-764. doi:10.1177/0002764220910229
Liu, M. M. (2013). Migrant Networks and International Migration: Testing Weak Ties. Demography 50, 1243–1277 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0213-5
Loveband, A. (2004) Positioning the product: Indonesian migrant women workers in Taiwan, Journal of Contemporary Asia, 34:3, 336-348, DOI: 10.1080/00472330480000141
Manafi, I. and Roman, M. (2022). A Way to Europe: New Refugees’ Migration Patterns Revealed. Journals Sustainability 14 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020748
Mas’udah, S. (2020) Remittances and Lifestyle Changes Among Indonesian Overseas Migrant Workers’ Families in Their Hometowns. Int. Migration and Integration 21, 649–665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-019-00676-x
Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia. (2007). Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia No. 18 tentang Pelaksanaan Penempatan dan Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Luar Negeri. Jakarta. Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia.
Morrison, A. R., Schiff, M. and Sjöblom, M. (2007). The International Migration of Women. Washington, DC: World Bank and Palgrave Macmillan.
Myrdal, G. (1957). Rich Lands and Poor. New York: Harper and Row.
National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers. (2016). Data Penempatan dan Perlindungan TKI Periode Tahun 2016. Jakarta. Research, Development, and Information Center of National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers.
National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers. (2018). Data Penempatan dan Perlindungan TKI Periode Tahun 2018. Jakarta. Research, Development, and Information Center of National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers.
National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers. (2019). Data Penempatan dan Perlindungan TKI Periode Tahun 2019. Jakarta. Research, Development, and Information Center of National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers.
Nugroho, Kelik Wahyu. (2018). Menaker Berlakukan Moratorium Penempatan TKI di 19 Negara Timur Tengah. https://kumparan.com/@kumparannews/menaker-berlakukan-moratorium-penempatan-tki-di-19-negara-timur-tengah. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
Pérez, I., and Stallaert, C. (2015). Male Domestic Workers and Gendered Boundaries among Latin American Migrants in Brussels. European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies / Revista Europea De Estudios Latinoamericanos Y Del Caribe, (98), 69-86. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43279247
Pitoyo, A.J. (2015). Jauh Sebelum MEA, Pekerja Asal Ponorogo telah Menjelajah Dunia. Dalam Seminar: Diseminasi Hasil Studi “Migration Out Poverty Research Programme Consortium, CPPS UGM, November 3, 2015
Pitoyo, A.J. (2018). Working in the global world: looking for more modern workplace overseas. 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 148 012011. DOI :10.1088/1755-1315/148/1/012011
Platt, M. (2018). Migration, Moralities and Moratoriums: Female Labour Migrants and the Tensions of Protectionism in Indonesia. Asian Studies Review, 42 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2017.1408571
Pratikto, R., Yazid, S. and Dewi, E. (2020). Enhancing the role of remittances through social capital: Evidence from Indonesian household data. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 29(1), 30–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0117196820920401
Priambada, B.S. (2014). Pengaruh Moratorium Pengiriman Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Ke Luar Negeri terhadap Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara. Journal RECHSTAAT Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum UNSA. Vol. 8 no. 1 March 2014. ISSN: 1978-6697
Romaniszyn, K. (2004). The Cultural Implications of International Migrations. Polish Sociological Review, (146), 141-159. Retrieved April 29, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/41274891
Sabban, R. (2002). Migrant Women in the United Arab Emirates: The Case of Female Domestic Workers. GENPROM Working Paper Series on Women and Migration No.10, International Labour Office, Geneva.
Schapendonk et al., (2018). Re-routing migration geographies: migrants, trajectories and mobility regimes. Geoforum, 10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.06.007
Spoonley, P., Bedford, R. (2008). Responding to regional labour demand: International migration and labour markets in New Zealand’s regions. Int. Migration and Integration 9, 203–223 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-008-0056-x
Sukamdi. (2007). Memahami Migrasi Pekerja Indonesia Ke Luar Negeri. Jurnal Populasi, 18(2): 115–28.
Todaro, M.P. dan Smith, S.C. (2006). Pembangunan Ekonomi di Dunia Ketiga. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Van Hear, N., Bakewell, O., and Long, K. (2012). Driver of migration (Migration Out of Poverty Research Programme Consortium Working Paper No.1. Brighton: University of Suspender.
Van Mol, C. and de Valk, H. (2016). Migration and Immigrants in Europe: A Historical and Demographic Perspective. In B. Garcés-Mascareñas, R. Penninx (eds.), Integration Processes and Policies in Europe, IMISCOE Research Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-21674-4_3
Vidal-Coso, E., and Miret-Gamundi, P. (2014). The labour trajectories of immigrant women in Spain: Are there signs of upward social mobility? Demographic Research, 31, 337-380. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/26350067
Villarreal, A. and Blanchard, S. (2013). How Job Characteristics Affect International Migration: The Role of Informality in Mexico. Demography 50, 751–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0153-5
Widiyahseno, B., Rudianto and Widaningrum, I. (2019). The Local Impact of Indonesian Workers Migration: A Special Case at Ponorogo Regency. WESTECH 2018: Proceedings of 1st Workshop on Environmental Science, Society. December 08, Medan Indonesia. DIO: 104.4108/eai.8-12-2018.2284004
Winchie, D., and Carment, D. (1989). Migration and Motivation: The Migrant’s Perspective. The International Migration Review. 23(1), 96-104. doi:10.2307/2546184
Yogi, S.S. dan Heriyadi, D. (2017). Kebijakan Migrasi Lintas Negara Pemerintah Indonesia (Studi kasus Pengiriman Tenaga Kerja Indonesia ke Malaysia). Journal Wacana Kinerja, Kebudayaan, dan Politik. 20(2): 41-52
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.57819
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1934
| 
views : 1412
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Agus Joko Pitoyo, Idris Ihwanudin, Sukamdi Sukamdi, Muhammad Arif Fahrudin Alfana, Seri Aryati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Accredited Journal, Based on Decree of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia Number 225/E/KPT/2022, Vol 54 No 1 the Year 2022 - Vol 58 No 2 the Year 2026 (accreditation certificate download)
ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print)