Bridging the Gap: Securitizing Lack of Accessible Education in Indonesia During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Aloysius Efraim Leonard(1*), Ruth Latreia Theo Saphira(2)
(1) Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
(2) Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
References
Books
Buzan, B., Wæver, O., & de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Kurniawan, Y. (2018). The Politics of Securitization in Democratic Indonesia. Palgrave Macmillan. 10.1007/978-3-319-62482-2
Stein-Kaempfe, J. (2008). Human Security – Völkerrechtliche Aspekte eines internationalen Sicherheitskonzeptes zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts. Duncker & Humblot.
Reports by Government Agency
Badan Pusat Statistik. (n.d.). Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kelompok Umur dan Jenis Kelamin, 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/indikator/indikator/view_data_pub/0000/api_pub/58/da_03/1
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2018). STATISTIK TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA 2018. Badan Pusat Statistik. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2019/12/02/6799f23db22e9bdcf52c8e03/statistik-telekomunikasi-indonesia-2018.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Potret Pendidikan Indonesia: Statistik Pendidikan Indonesia 2019 (D. Susilo, M.Si., I. E. Harahap, M.Si., & R. Sinang, SST., M.Si., Eds.). Badan Pusat Statistik - Jakarta. 2662-8025
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (KEMDIKBUD). (2020, Augustus 12). Menuju Transformasi Digital Pendidikan Indonesia. Pusat Data dan Teknologi Informasi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Retrieved from https://pusdatin.kemdikbud.go.id/menuju-transformasi-digital-pendidikan-indonesia/
Afandi, T., & Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Bappenas. (2017, May 22). Siaran Pers Bonus Demografi 2030-2040: Strategi Indonesia Terkait Ketenagakerjaan dan Pendidikan. 1-2.
Reports by International Organization
Avvisati, F., Echazarra, A., Givord, P., Schwabe, M., & Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2019). Country Note: Indonesia. PISA 2018 Results, I-III, 1. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/PISA2018_CN_IDN.pdf
Borrero, R. M. (2016). Indigenous Peoples and the Information Society: Emerging uses of ICTs. UNESCO.
Islamic Development Bank. (2018). Reverse Linkage: Development through South-South Cooperation (S. Nicklin & B. Cornwell, Compilers). Tudor Rose. ISBN: 978-0-9956487-2-2
Schleicher, A., & Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2019). PISA 2018: Insights and Interpretations. 3-9. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/pisa/PISA%202018%20Insights%20and%20Interpretations%20FINAL%20PDF.pdf
OECD. (2020). Education and COVID-19: Focusing on the long-term impact of school closures. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/education-and-covid-19-focusing-on-the-long-term-impact-of-school-closures-2cea926e/
Online News Article
BBC Indonesia. (2020, March 24). Virus corona: UN 2020 resmi dibatalkan, 'harus ada nilai setara yang berlaku universal' untuk menyeleksi murid baru. BBC. Retrived from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-52014139
BBC Indonesia. (2020, Mei 13). Virus corona: Kisah guru di Jawa Barat mendatangi rumah murid-muridnya yang tidak punya gawai dan sulit akses siaran televisi. BBC. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/majalah-52642997
CNN Indonesia. (2020, August 7). Nadiem: Kurikulum Darurat Covid-19 Sudah Siap, Ada 2 Komponen. CNN Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20200807194704-20-533419/nadiem-kurikulum-darurat-covid-19-sudah-siap-ada-2-komponen
Iswara, M. A. (2020). Disconnected: Digital divide may jeopardize human rights. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved from https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/05/18/disconnected-digital-divide-may-jeopardize-human-rights.html
Souisa, H. (2020, August 5). Menjawab Tantangan Belajar Jarak Jauh di Indonesia: Dari Keliling ke Rumah Murid dan Memberikan Internet Gratis Untuk Pelajar. ABC (Australia Broadcasting Company). Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/indonesian/2020-08-05/sejumlah-solusi-untuk-tantangan-belajar-jarak-jauh-di-indonesia/12523736
Journal Article (retrieved online, without DOI or page numbers)
Acharya, A. (2001). Human Security: East versus West. International Journal, 56(3), 442-460. Retrieved from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40203577
Adisti, R. (2017). Human Development Impact of the Implementation of Broadband: A case study of the Indonesian Palapa Ring Project. TU Delft.
Bosold, D., & Werthes, S. (2005). Human Security in Practice: Canadian and Japanese Experiences. International Politics and Society, 1, 84-101. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237671115_Human_Security_in_Practice_Canadian_and_Japanese_Experiences
Commission on Human Security. (2003). Human Security Now. Commission on Human Security.
Gribble, J. N., & Bremner, J. (2012). Achieving a Demographic Dividend. Population Bulletin, 46(2), 2. Rerieved from: https://www.prb.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/achieving-demographic-dividend.pdf
Vineles, P. (2018, January 12). Enhancing ASEAN's Competitiveness: The Skills Challenge. RSIS, 6. Retrieved from: https://www.rsis.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/CO18006.pdf
Journal Article (retrieved online, with DOI)
Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i-vi. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Collins, A. (2005). Securitization, Frankenstein's Monster and Malaysian education. The Pacific Review, 18(4), 567-588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512740500339034
Mailizar, Almanthari, A., Maulina, S., & Bruce, S. (2020). Secondary School Mathematics Teachers’ Views on E-learning Implementation Barriers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Indonesia. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(7), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/8240
Murphy, M. P. A. (2020). COVID-19 and emergency eLearning: Consequences of the securitization of higher education for post-pandemic pedagogy. Contemporary Security Policy, 41(3), 492-505. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2020.1761749
Rahiem, M. D. H. (2020). The Emergency Remote Learning Experience of University Students in Indonesia amidst the COVID-19 Crisis. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.6.1
Press Release
United Nations Children's Fund. (2020, August 26). Press Release: COVID-19: At least a third of the world’s schoolchildren unable to access remote learning during school closures, new report says. UNICEF. Retrieved from: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/covid-19-least-third-worlds-schoolchildren-unable-access-remote-learning-during
Other Electronic Source
Thomas, V. F. (2020, September 4). Ironi Palapa Ring: Tak Terpakai Saat Indonesia Kesulitan Internet. Tirto. Retrieved from: https://tirto.id/ironi-palapa-ring-tak-terpakai-saat-indonesia-kesulitan-internet-f3fQ
Working Paper
Thomas, D., Beegle, K., Frankenberg, E., Sikoki, B., Strauss, J., & Teruel, G. (2001). Education in a Crisis. UCLA On-Line Working Paper Series.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.63312
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 3445 | views : 2279Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.