Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian kejang pada tumor otak metastasis
Luhur Budi Adhiapto(1*), Rusdy Ghazali Malueka(2), Atitya Fithri Khairani(3)
(1) SMF Saraf RSUD Kardinah, Kota Tegal, Jawa Tengah
(2) Departemen Neurologi Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta/RSUP Dr. Sardjito
(3) Departemen Neurologi Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta/RSUP Dr. Sardjito
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Background: Seizures are one of the common neurological symptoms found in patients with brain metastases. Seizures can worsen patient prognosis and significantly reduce their quality of life. Several factors contribute to seizure occurrence in brain metastases, including intratumoral, peritumoral, inflammatory, and genetic factors. However, studies on these factors remain limited, especially in Indonesia.
Objective: This study aims to identify the factors associated with seizure occurrence in patients with brain metastases and analyze their correlation with seizure incidence.
Method: This research employs a case-control study design with a total sampling of subject's brain metastases. Data were collected from the neuro-oncology registry and analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical tests to determine the relationship between specific factors and seizure occurrence.
Result: A total of 150 samples were obtained, with 74 classified as having seizures and 76 as non-seizure cases. Multivariate analysis revealed significant p-values for multiple metastatic lesions (p=0.003, odds ratio (OR): 3.39), the presence of peritumoral edema (p=0.006, OR: 2.88), chemotherapy (p=0.021 and OR: 0.38), radiotherapy (p=0.003 and OR: 0.27), and surgery (p=0.019 and OR: 0.36). A p-value <0.05 indicates that these factors significantly influence seizure occurrence in brain metastases.
Conclusion: Factors such as multiple lesions and peritumoral edema increase the incidence of seizures, while chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery reduce the incidence of seizures in brain metastases.
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kejang merupakan salah satu gejala neurologis yang sering ditemukan pada pasien dengan tumor otak metastasis. Kejang dapat memperburuk prognosis pasien serta menurunkan kualitas hidup mereka. Faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian kejang pada tumor otak metastasis meliputi faktor intratumoral, peritumoral, inflamasi, dan genetik. Namun, studi mengenai faktor-faktor ini masih terbatas, terutama di Indonesia.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berperan dalam kejadian kejang pada pasien dengan tumor otak metastasis serta menganalisis keterkaitan antara faktor-faktor tersebut dengan insidensi kejang.
Metode: Desain penelitian case-control dengan total sampling pasien tumor otak metastasis. Data dikumpulkan melalui registri neuroonkologi dan dianalisis dengan uji statistik bivariat dan multivariat untuk menentukan hubungan antara faktor-faktor tertentu dengan kejadian kejang.
Hasil: Sebanyak 150 sampel penelitian didapatkan 74 sampel masuk kategori kejang dan 76 sampel tidak kejang. Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan nilai p lesi metastasis multipel (p=0,003 dan odds ratio (OR): 3,39), adanya edema peritumoral (p=0,006 dan OR: 2,88), kondisi kemoterapi (p=0,021 dan OR: 0,38), radioterapi (p=0,003 dan OR: 0,27) dan operasi (p=0,019 dan OR: 0,36), nilai p <0,05 menunjukan faktor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kejadian kejang pada tumor otak metastasis.
Kesimpulan: Faktor lesi multipel dan edema peritumoral meningkatkan kejadian kejang, sedangkan kemoterapi, radioterapi dan operasi pengangkatan tumor menurunkan kejadian kejang pada tumor otak metastasis.Keywords
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