PERSEPSI PETANI DAN ADAPTASI BUDIDAYA TEMBAKAU-SAYURAN ATAS FENOMENA PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI DESA TLOGOLELE, KECAMATAN SELO, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI (Farmers Perception and Adaptation of Tobacco-Vegetables Cultivation toward Climate Change Phenomena at Tlogolele Vi

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Masyarakat Desa Tlogolele, Kecamatan Selo, Kabupaten Boyolali mengandalkan pendapatan dari budidaya tembakau dan sayuran yang keduanya sangat rentan terhadap perubahan iklim. Kesiapan petani untuk memahami dampak negatif perubahan iklim dan bagaimana upaya untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan tersebut sangat menentukan keberhasilan petani bertahan dan secara terus-menerus mengembangkan pertaniannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji persepsi petani terhadap perubahan iklim dan menganalisis adaptasi yang dilaksanakan oleh petani. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive, yaitu petani tembakau-sayuran, sebanyak 50 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner terstruktur, observasi dan diskusi terfokus. Keakuratan data persepsi petani atas fenomena perubahan iklim dibandingkan dengan data tren perubahan iklim yang tercatat di stasiun klimatologi terdekat bersumber dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Semarang. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani mengetahui isu perubahan iklim dan merasakan pengaruhnya terhadap kegiatan budidaya pertanian terutama masalah kekeringan dan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman. Petani meresponnya melalui adaptasi kegiatan pemilihan jenis tanaman, waktu tanam, cara mengolah tanah, dan pemberian pupuk.

ABSTRACT

The farmers at Tlogolele village-Selo, Boyolali, obtain their main income from tobacco and vegetables production; both are highly vulnerable to climate change. Farmers’ readiness to understand the negative impact of climate change and how to adapt their cropping system determine their success to survive on sustainable agriculture. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the farmers’ perception on climate change and analyze their adaptation strategy. Samples were taken purposively, consist of 50 tobacco-vegetable farmers. Data were collected by survey method through interviewing by using structured questionnaires, observation and focus group discussion. The accuracy of farmers' perceptions on climate change was compared with the data of climate change trends recorded in the nearest climatological station in Semarang (BMKG). Data were analyzed descriptively. The results show farmers were aware of the climate change issues and their impacts on farming activities; especially for the problem of drought and pest attacks. Farmers adapted by selecting crops type, managing planting time and land accordingly as well as applying fertilizers.