Penapisan Pendahuluan Berbagai Aksesi Padi (Oryza sativa L) Terhadap Serangan Hama Serangga dan Nematoda Parasit Tanaman

https://doi.org/10.22146/agrinova.54716

Siwi Indarti(1*), Taryono Taryono(2), Supriyanta Supriyanta(3), Ayu Suci Wulandari(4)

(1) Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT), Universitas Gadjah Mada Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT), Universitas Gadjah Mada Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Kajian penapisan padi terhadap serangan organisma pengganggu tanaman merupakan tahapan penting untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul. Tiga puluh empat aksesi padi dilakukan penapisan untuk mengetahui tanggapannya terhadap serangan hama serangga dan nematoda parasit tanaman. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan persawahan irigasi yang merupakan daerah endemik kedua golongan hama tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 blok sebagai ulangan. Pengamatan berupa gejala kerusakan tanaman yang diakibatkan oleh berbagai jenis hama serangga dan nematoda parasit tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serangan hama walang sangit  pada semua aksesi padi yang diuji. Serangan wereng hijau ditemukan pada aksesi no UGM-F-00004 dan UGM-F-00008, sedangkan serangan penggerek batang hanya ditemukan pada aksesi nomor UGM-F-00005 dan UGM-F-00006. Jenis nematoda parasit tanaman yang ditemukan adalah Meloidogyne graminicola, Hirsmaniella oryzae, Helicotylenchus sp., dan Criconemoides sp. dengan tingkat populasi yang beragam. Aksesi nomor UGM-F-00028 paling rentan terhadap serangan nematoda M.graminicola. dengan populasi tertinggi > 600 nematoda per 100 g tanah dan 900 nematoda per 5 g akar.


Keywords


tanggapan, aksesi padi, hama serangga, nematoda parasit

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agrinova.54716

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