International Journal of Religion, Society and Human Rights

Mahasiswi Bercadar dalam Mempertahankan Hak Beragama di Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia

Efa Ida Amaliyah — 2026-02-28

Abstrak: Beberapa kasus yang terjadi di dunia akademik terutama di perguruan tinggi mencoba membatasi mahasiswi dalam mengekspresikan keyakinan ajarannya dalam menutup aurat (cadar). Hal ini menimbulkan kontroversi bagi banyak kalangan karena sudah membatasi hak seseorang dalam menjalankan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan. Studi ini melihat adanya fenomena pelarangan cadar yang terdapat dalam regulasi lembaga pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi dengan mengamati kebijakan tertulis dan lisan yang ditemukan di media. Data yang ditemukan memberikan gambaran kondisi obyektif adanya regulasi pelarangan cadar yang ada di beberapa perguruan tinggi. Sebagaimana yang ditujukan dalam penelitian ini hak kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan telah mengalami kemunduran dengan intervensi dan intimidasi terhadap mahasiswa bercadar. Perguruan tinggi juga membuat stereotip dalam melihat cara berpakaian dan berbusana mahasiswinya terutama yang bercadar bahwa mahasiswi tersebut termasuk kelompok radikal dan teroris. Sejalan dengan ini diperlukan sikap kritis dan pemikiran reflektif atas kebijakan regulasi yang dibuat oleh perguruan tinggi tentang cadar. Perguruan tinggi diharapkan memberi hak dan kebebasan mahasiswa untuk berpakaian sesuai dengan keyakinan agamanya, sehingga mahasiswa tidak mendapatkan perlakuan yang diskriminatif.

Kata kunci: Cadar, Gender, Mahasiswi, Hak Beragama, Perguruan Tinggi.

Abstract: Some cases that occur in the academic world, especially in universities, try to limit female students in expressing their beliefs in covering the veil. This has caused controversy for many people because it limits a person's right to exercise freedom of religion and belief. This study looks at the phenomenon of the veil ban contained in the regulation of educational institutions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation studies by observing written and oral policies found in the media. The data found provides an overview of the objective conditions of the regulation of the veil ban in several universities. As addressed in this research, the right to freedom of religion and belief has suffered a setback with intervention and intimidation against veiled students. Universities also make stereotypes in seeing the way of dressing and clothing of their students, especially those who are veiled, that these students belong to radical and terrorist groups. In line with this, critical thinking and reflective thinking are needed on the regulatory policies made by universities regarding the veil. Universities are expected to give students the right and freedom to dress according to their religious beliefs, so that students do not get discriminatory treatment.

Keywords: Veil, Gender, Student, Religious Rights, Universiy.

Kebijakan Pendidikan Agama Berbasis Hak Asasi Manusia di Gorontalo, Indonesia

Djunawir Syafar — 2026-02-28

Kebijakan pendidikan agama berbasis hak asasi manusia adalah salah satu cara mewujudkan keadilan sosial dan pemahaman inklusif pada warga sekolah. Sebagaimana yang kita ketahui bersama bahwa di Indonesia masih ada peserta didik di sekolah-sekolah umum yang belum memperoleh pendidikan agama yang sesuai dengan agama mereka masing-masing. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana implementasi kebijakan pendidikan agama berbasis hak asasi manusia di salah satu sekolah dasar negeri di kota Gorontalo, Indonesia. Sekolah tersebut telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan sekolah yang berbasis hak asasi manusia. Sumber-sumber data dalam penelitian ini yakni observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, kebijakan internal sekolah adalah solusi pemenuhan pendidikan agama untuk semua agama di sekolah. Kedua, kebijakan sekolah berbasis hak asasi manusia memberikan dampak positif pada hak-hak pendidikan agama peserta didik, ruang aktualisasi keagamaan di sekolah, dan membangun pemahaman inklusif warga sekolah. Ketiga, faktor internal dan eksternal adalah faktor pendukung kebijakan sekolah berbasis hak asasi manusia. Kebijakan lokal dan lingkungan kerja yang tidak inklusif adalah faktor penghambat terimplementasinya pendidikan agama berbasis hak asasi manusia.

A Critical Analysis of the Implementation of the ITE Law Regarding Hate Speech Targeting Religion

Moh. Fadhil — 2026-03-08

Article 28, Paragraph (2) of the ITE Law, which governs the dissemination of incitement to hatred, is intricately linked to the rights to freedom of religion and belief, as well as freedom of expression within the broader framework of human rights law. International human rights agreements provide a clear legal framework for restricting the dissemination of hate speech. A case study of Decision Number 591/Pid.Sus/2024/Pn Ptk reveals that the defendant was found guilty of electronically transmitting religious hate speech. However, a critical examination of the judge's approach to the application of this article from a human rights perspective is necessary. This essay critically examines the implementation of Article 28, Paragraph (2) of the ITE Law concerning the incitement of religious hatred. The research follows a literature review methodology, utilizing content analysis of Decision Number 591/Pid.Sus/2024/Pn Ptk. The legal research method adopts a normative legal approach through a case study. The findings reveal that the judges' reasoning disregarded international human rights law. The panel of judges applied the element of intent, focusing on potential awareness rather than actual intent. Additionally, the panel misunderstood the element of incitement to hatred, conflating the propagation of hatred with its incitement.

Holobiontic Expansion to Human Rights Universality and Its Implication for Religious Freedom

Rezza Prasetyo Setiawan — 2026-03-08

Recent scholarship in human rights has begun to recognize the intersection between religious freedom and environmental concerns, particularly in relation to indigenous communities and the rights of nature. However, the human rights framework remains limited in its effectiveness due to its foundational reliance on anthropocentric essentialism and individualistic metaphysics. This paper proposes a holobiontic reinterpretation of the universality of human rights and its implications for Freedom of Religion or Belief (FoRB). It begins by critiquing the anthropocentric and individualist metaphysics underlying the dominant human rights framework, which grounds universality in a presumed essential human nature. Drawing from the concept of the holobiont and Zylberman’s relational practical standing, the paper offers an alternative understanding of dignity, rights, and legal subjectivity as relationally emergent from ecological and social entanglements. In this view, universality does not depend on the sameness of human essence, but on the structural inclusion of all beings in the networks that make agency possible. Applied to FoRB, this framework shifts the focus from protecting isolated individual belief to safeguarding the ecological and cultural conditions that sustain religious life. Violations of FoRB, therefore, may occur not only through coercion or prohibition, but also through environmental degradation that disrupts these enabling relations. This reinterpretation calls for legal and policy frameworks that integrate environmental protection into the defense of fundamental freedoms, aligning human rights with ecological responsibility.